SGLT-2 Inhibitors in Cancer Treatment—Mechanisms of Action and Emerging New Perspectives

Autor: Mieczysław Dutka, Rafał Bobiński, Tomasz Francuz, Wojciech Garczorz, Karolina Zimmer, Tomasz Ilczak, Michał Ćwiertnia, Maciej B. Hajduga
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2022
Předmět:
Zdroj: Cancers, Vol 14, Iss 23, p 5811 (2022)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 14235811
2072-6694
DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235811
Popis: A new group of antidiabetic drugs, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2 inhibitors), have recently been shown to have anticancer effects and their expression has been confirmed in many cancer cell lines. Given the metabolic reprogramming of these cells in a glucose-based model, the ability of SGLT-2 inhibitors to block the glucose uptake by cancer cells appears to be an attractive therapeutic approach. In addition to tumour cells, SGLT-2s are only found in the proximal tubules in the kidneys. Furthermore, as numerous clinical trials have shown, the use of SGLT-2 inhibitors is well-tolerated and safe in patients with diabetes and/or heart failure. In vitro cell culture studies and preclinical in vivo studies have confirmed that SGLT-2 inhibitors exhibit antiproliferative effects on certain types of cancer. However, the mechanisms of this action remain unclear. Even in those tumour cell types in which SGLT-2 is present, there is sometimes an SGLT-2-independent mechanism of anticancer action of this group of drugs. This article presents the current state of knowledge of the potential mechanisms of the anticancer action of SGLT-2 inhibitors and their possible future application in clinical oncology.
Databáze: Directory of Open Access Journals
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