Avaliação da adequação do controle de fatores de risco cardiovascular após cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica Evaluating the adequacy of cardiovascular risk factor control after myocardial revascularization surgery

Autor: Andrea Cristina Costa Barbosa, Luiz Carlos Santana Passos, Antônio Alberto Lopes, Wanewman Lins Guedes de Andrade, Luciano Rapold Souza, Maurício Batista Nunes
Jazyk: English<br />Portuguese
Rok vydání: 2007
Předmět:
Zdroj: Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, Vol 89, Iss 6, Pp 362-369 (2007)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 0066-782X
1678-4170
DOI: 10.1590/S0066-782X2007001800003
Popis: FUNDAMENTO: Os fatores de risco cardiovascular (FR) são responsáveis pela ocorrência de eventos cardiovasculares. OBJETIVO: Estimar o porcentual de pacientes submetidos a cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica (RM) que conseguem controle adequado de fatores de risco (FR) modificáveis, pelo menos seis meses após o procedimento. MÉTODOS: O estudo incluiu 88 pacientes, no qual se realizaram análise de prontuários e entrevista clínica, entre seis e 12 meses após a realização de cirurgia de RM em hospital de referência para doenças cardiovasculares, no período de janeiro a dezembro de 2004. RESULTADOS: A média de idade foi 63,1±9,9 anos: 51 (58%) eram do sexo masculino, 86 (97,7%), hipertensos, 38 (43,2%), diabéticos, 85 (96,6%), dislipidêmicos e 10 (11,4%), tabagistas. O controle da hipertensão (PA < 140x90 mmHg) foi atingido em 24,4% dos pacientes. Para o colesterol (colesterol LDL < 100 mg/dl) e para o diabete melito (glicemia < 110), os níveis de controle foram, respectivamente, 30,6% e 31,6%. O uso de anti-hipertensivos, agentes hipoglicemiantes (orais ou insulina) e estatinas, quando indicado, foi, respectivamente, 96,5%, 92,1%, 78,8%. Entretanto, analisando-se a tríade hipertensão, diabete e hipercolesterolemia, apenas 14,8% do total de pacientes apresentavam níveis de pressão arterial, glicemia e colesterol LDL dentro dos limites aceitáveis. CONCLUSÃO: Apesar do uso freqüente de medicações para controle da hipertensão, diabete e hipercolesterolemia, o controle de fatores de risco ainda é realizado de forma insuficiente nos pacientes revascularizados, o que sugere grande potencial para a melhoria da prática clínica.BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular risk factors (RF) for coronary artery disease (CAD) are responsible for the occurrence of cardiovascular events. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the percentage of patients submitted to myocardial revascularization surgery (MRS) that attains adequate control of modifiable RF at least six months after the surgery. METHODS: Data collection was based on the review of medical records and a clinical interview of 88 patients submitted to MRS between January and December of 2004 at a reference hospital for cardiovascular diseases. The patients were interviewed in the follow-up period, between six and twelve months after the surgical revascularization. RESULTS: Mean age was 63.1 ± 9.9 years; 51 patients (58%) were males, 86 (97.7%) were hypertensive, 38 (43.2%) were diabetic, 85 (96.6%) had hypercholesterolemia and 10 (11.4%) were smokers. Hypertension control (PA < 140 x 90 mmHg) was attained by 24.4% of the patients; cholesterol (LDL cholesterol < 100 mg/dl) and diabetes control (blood glucose levels < 110 mg/dl) levels were 30.6% and 31.6%, respectively. The use of antihypertensive drugs, hypoglycemic agents and statins, when indicated, were 96.5%, 92.1% and 78.8%, respectively. However, only 14.8% patients had their blood pressure, glucose and cholesterol levels within the limits accepted as adequate control. CONCLUSION: Despite the frequent use of drugs to control hypertension, diabetes and hypercholesterolemia, a high proportion of patients still do not achieve the target levels of risk factor control recommended by current guidelines at least six months after revascularization surgery, which suggests there is a great potential for improvement in clinical practice.
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