Cigarette smoking increases the risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma through the elevated level of IgA antibody against Epstein‐Barr virus capsid antigen: A mediation analysis

Autor: Wan‐Lun Hsu, Yin‐Chu Chien, Yen‐Tsung Huang, Kelly J. Yu, Jenq‐Yuh Ko, Ching‐Yuan Lin, Yung‐An Tsou, Yi‐Shing Leu, Li‐Jen Liao, Yen‐Liang Chang, Jia‐Ying Su, Zhiwei Liu, Cheng‐Ping Wang, Shyuang‐Der Terng, Chun‐Hung Hua, Jehn‐Chuan Lee, Tsung‐Lin Yang, Chu‐Hsing Kate Hsiao, Ming‐Shiang Wu, Ming‐Hsui Tsai, Ming‐Jiung Liu, Pei‐Jen Lou, Allan Hildesheim, Chien‐Jen Chen, the GEV‐NPC Study Group
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Zdroj: Cancer Medicine, Vol 9, Iss 5, Pp 1867-1876 (2020)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 2045-7634
DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2832
Popis: Abstract Background The study aims are to evaluate the associations between nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) risk and cigarette smoking and to explore the effects of cigarette smoking on Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) infection for NPC risk. Methods 1235 male NPC cases and 1262 hospital‐based male controls matched to cases were recruited across six collaborative hospitals between 2010 and 2014. Using a standardized questionnaire, information on cigarette smoking and other potential risk factors for NPC was obtained. Blood was collected and used for anti‐EBV VCA IgA and anti‐EBV EA‐EBNA1 IgA testing using standard methods. Unconditional logistic regression analysis was used to estimate odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for each risk factor after adjusting for confounders. Results 63.6% of cases and 44.0% of controls reported ever smoking cigarettes. After full adjustment, current smokers had a significant 1.60‐fold (95% CI = 1.30‐1.97) and former smokers a borderline significant 1.27‐fold (95% CI = 1.00‐1.60) increased NPC risk compared to never smokers. NPC risk increased with increasing duration, intensity, and pack‐years of cigarette smoking but not with age at smoking initiation. Among controls, anti‐EBV VCA IgA seropositivity rate was higher in current smokers than never smokers (14.0% vs 8.4%; OR = 1.82; 95% CI = 1.19‐2.79). Mediation analyses showed that more than 90% of the cigarette smoking effect on NPC risk is mediated through anti‐EBV VCA IgA. Conclusion This study confirms the association between long‐term cigarette smoking and NPC and demonstrates that current smoking is associated with seropositivity of anti‐EBV VCA IgA antibodies.
Databáze: Directory of Open Access Journals
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