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Objective:The aim of this study was to evaluate anatomically bilateral internal jugular veins (IJVs), carotid arteries (CAs), femoral veins (FVs) and femoral arteries (FAs) in pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery using ultrasonography (USG) guidance.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted involving 78 patients. The patients were divided into five different categories (0-1, 1-6, 6-12, 12-24 months and >24 months). The diameter (Dm) and depth (Dp) of the bilateral IJVs, CAs, FVs and FAs were measured with USG. The anatomical positions of the IJV, CA, FV and FA and variations were evaluated. The correlations of the Dm and Dp of the major vessels with age, height, weight, body surface area (BSA), and body mass index were analyzed.Results:The Dms and Dps of IJV, CA, FV and FA were significantly different between the groups. The rate of anatomical variation was 23.1% in the right IJV, 28.2% in the left IJV, 19.2% in the right FV, and 28.2% in the left FV. The Dms and Dps of the major central vessels were significantly correlated with age, height, weight, and BSA. The regression coefficient indicated that the 1 year age increase was associated with an increase of 0.414 mm in the right IJV (RIV) Dm. And each 1 kg increase in weight was associated with an increase of 0.169 mm in the RIV Dm.Conclusion:We found a high correlation between vascular Dms and age, weight, height, and BSA in children with congenital heart disease. Major vessels should be evaluated by using USG to determine the appropriate vessel and catheter size before catheter interventions in pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery. |
