SARS-CoV-2 spread and area economic disadvantage in the italian three-tier restrictions: a multilevel approach

Autor: Luca Dei Bardi, Anna Acampora, Laura Cacciani, Mirko Di Martino, Nera Agabiti, Marina Davoli, Giulia Cesaroni
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2023
Předmět:
Zdroj: BMC Public Health, Vol 23, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2023)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 1471-2458
DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15246-1
Popis: Abstract Background To face the second wave of COVID-19, Italy implemented a tiered restriction system with different limitation levels (yellow = medium; orange = medium-high, red = high) at the beginning of November 2020. The restrictions systematically reduced the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 with increasing strength for increasing tier. However, it is unknown whether the effect of limitations was equal between provinces with different socioeconomic levels. Therefore, we investigated the association between the province’s socioeconomic level and SARS-CoV-2 infection daily reproduction number in each restriction level. Methods We measured the province’s socioeconomic level as the percentage of individuals whose 2019 total yearly income was lower than 10,000€, using the measure as a proxy of economic disadvantage. We estimated the daily reproduction number (Rt) at the province level using the SARS-CoV-2 daily incidence data from November 2020 to May 2021. We then used multilevel linear regression models with random intercepts stratified by restriction level to estimate the association between economic disadvantage and Rt. We also adjusted the analyses for potential confounders of the association between the province’s economic disadvantage and the Rt: the percentage of people with 0–5 years, the quartiles of population density, and the geographical repartition. Results Overall, we found increasing Rt in yellow (+ 0.004 p
Databáze: Directory of Open Access Journals
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