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旨在为南极磷虾渔业捕捞以及陆基精准加工利用提供科学指导，研究了不同体长南极磷虾的脂质组成差异。以脂质含量、甘油酯含量、磷脂含量、胆固醇含量、游离脂肪酸含量、磷脂组成和脂肪酸组成为评价指标，结合多元统计分析技术比较不同体长（＜30 mm、30～40 mm、40～50 mm、＞50 mm）南极磷虾脂质组成的差异。结果显示：不同体长南极磷虾脂质含量占干基的（17.57±2.43）%～（24.35±0.31）%；甘油酯和磷脂是主要的脂质组分，分别占脂质的（41.40±1.22）%～（43.54±2.02）%和（39.70±0.70）%～（41.89±2.69）%；磷脂主要由磷脂酰胆碱（PC）、磷脂酰乙醇胺（PE）和溶血磷脂酰胆碱（LPC）组成，分别占总磷脂的（8004±0.73）%～（85.94±0.58）%、（13.13±0.59）%～（19.17±0.75）%、（0.79±0.05）%～（116±0.03）%；脂质中主要脂肪酸为C14∶ 0、C16∶ 0、C18∶ 1、C20∶ 5（EPA）、C22∶ 6（DHA），分别占总脂肪酸含量的（12.00±0.37）%~(12.85±0.15)%、（24.64±0.15）%～（27.11±0.16）%、（13.21±0.35）%～（15.09±0.14）%、（18.41±0.18）%～（18.86±0.56）%、（10.17±0.18）%～（12.84±0.16）%；不同体长南极磷虾的脂质含量、磷脂中PC和PE比例、脂肪酸中C16∶ 0、C18∶ 1和DHA比例等总体差异显著（p＜0.05）。结合聚类分析和主成分分析，根据体长可将南极磷虾样品明显区分为＜30 mm、30～40 mm、＞40 mm 3大类。研究结果表明南极磷虾的脂质组成与其体长关系显著。旨在为南极磷虾渔业捕捞以及陆基精准加工利用提供科学指导，研究了不同体长南极磷虾的脂质组成差异。以脂质含量、甘油酯含量、磷脂含量、胆固醇含量、游离脂肪酸含量、磷脂组成和脂肪酸组成为评价指标，结合多元统计分析技术比较不同体长（＜30 mm、30～40 mm、40～50 mm、＞50 mm）南极磷虾脂质组成的差异。结果显示：不同体长南极磷虾脂质含量占干基的（17.57±2.43）%～（24.35±0.31）%；甘油酯和磷脂是主要的脂质组分，分别占脂质的（41.40±1.22）%～（43.54±2.02）%和（39.70±0.70）%～（41.89±2.69）%；磷脂主要由磷脂酰胆碱（PC）、磷脂酰乙醇胺（PE）和溶血磷脂酰胆碱（LPC）组成，分别占总磷脂的（8004±0.73）%～（85.94±0.58）%、（13.13±0.59）%～（19.17±0.75）%、（0.79±0.05）%～（116±0.03）%；脂质中主要脂肪酸为C14∶ 0、C16∶ 0、C18∶ 1、C20∶ 5（EPA）、C22∶ 6（DHA），分别占总脂肪酸含量的（12.00±0.37）%~(12.85±0.15)%、（24.64±0.15）%～（27.11±0.16）%、（13.21±0.35）%～（15.09±0.14）%、（18.41±0.18）%～（18.86±0.56）%、（10.17±0.18）%～（12.84±0.16）%；不同体长南极磷虾的脂质含量、磷脂中PC和PE比例、脂肪酸中C16∶ 0、C18∶ 1和DHA比例等总体差异显著（p＜0.05）。结合聚类分析和主成分分析，根据体长可将南极磷虾样品明显区分为＜30 mm、30～40 mm、＞40 mm 3大类。研究结果表明南极磷虾的脂质组成与其体长关系显著。 The lipid compositions of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) with different body lengths were comparatively studied to provide scientific guidance for the fishery harvesting and land-based accurate utilization of the Antarctic krill. Antarctic krill samples were divided into four groups according to the body lengths (＜30 mm, 30-40 mm, 40-50 mm, ＞50 mm), and the lipid content, glyceride content, phospholipid content, cholesterol content, free fatty acid content, phospholipid composition as well as fatty acid composition of the samples were used as evalution indicators, the differences of the lipid compositions of the four group samples were compared combined with multivariate statistical analysis technology. The results showed that the lipid contents of the Antarctic krill with different body lengths were (17.57±2.43)% -(24.35±0.31)% of dry basis. Glyceride and phospholipid were the main lipid components, accounting for (41.40±1.22)%-(43.54±2.02)% and (39.70±0.70)%-(41.89±2.69)% of the lipid, respectively. Phospholipid was mainly composed of phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and lysophosphatidylcholine(LPC), accounting for (80.04±0.73)%-(85.94±0.58)%, (13.13±0.59)%-(19.17±0.75)%, and (0.79±005)%-(1.16±0.03)% of the total phospholipid, respectively. The fatty acids of the lipid were mainly C14∶ 0, C16∶ 0, C18∶ 1, C20∶ 5 (EPA) and C22∶ 6 (DHA), accounting for (12.00±0.34)%-(12.85±0.15)%, (24.64±0.15)%-(27.11±0.16)%, (13.21±0.35)%-(15.09±0.14)%, (18.41±0.18)%-(18.86±0.56)%, (10.17±0.18)%-(12.84±0.16)% of the total fatty acids, respectively. There were overall significant differences in the lipid contents, the ratios of PC and PE in phospholipid, the ratios of C16∶ 0, C18∶ 1 and DHA in total fatty acids of the Antarctic krill with different body lengths (p＜0.05). Antarctic krill samples could be obviously divided into three categories ＜30 mm,30-40 mm,＞40 mm by the cluster analysis and principal component analysis according to body length. In conclusion, the lipid composition of Antarctic krill is significantly related to the body length. |
