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The gold-standard in diagnosis of a disease; is the detection of the causative agent, the pathogen. The currently used predominant techniques for detection of pathogens are relay not only upon conventional clinical microbiology but also the modern molecular techniques. However, these methods are laborious, time consuming and expensive. Consequently, reliable, faster and accurate assays are required to quickly determine the presence of pathogen. Recently, nanotechnology, which is concerned with nano-materials with significantly novel and improved physical, chemical and biological properties, has been leading to a technological revolution in the field of pathogen detection. Gold nanoparticles is a popular choice for innovative diagnostics due to their unique physicochemical properties allowing them to be used in wide range of colorimetric, scanometric and fluorometric diagnostic assays . The present review will shed some light on the properties, synthesis, and applications of gold nanoparticles in detection of bacterial, viral and parasitic pathogens. |
