| Popis: |
The article presents data of evaluation of 33 complex interspecies hybrids of potatoes, their backcrosses by productivity as a result of testing of material in two places: Sumy National Agrarian University and Ustyimovskaya Research Station of the Institute of Plant Cultivation named V. Ya. Yuriev and for three years (2015–2017). The high potential of the material under study for productivity, with the maximum manifestation of the trait in the three-time backcrosess of the five-species hybrid 08.197/105–1643 g/bush, is 2,6 times higher than the best of the standards of the Javir variety. However, only in 2017, for tests in the SNA, the proportion of hybrids with very high productivity – more than 700 g /bush was 54,4 %. It was found that the worst conditions for the realization of the sign were found in 2016 for assessments at the Ustyimovskaya Research Station. Expression of the indicator less than 200 g/nest had 60,6 % hybrids. Significant influence of external conditions on the productivity of the investigated material is revealed. The largest share of hybrids with maximum productivity was detected in 2017 in the SNAU and in 2015 at the Ustyimovskaya Research Research Station. In both places, the test was very unfavorable for the manifestation of the sign was 2016, although individual hybrids in these conditions were characterized by the maximum expression of the indicator. Different reaction of standard varieties and test material on growing conditions is proved. The same share of hybrids with a higher manifestation of the trait than the best standard-grade was found in the SNAU (27,3 %) and the Ustyimovskaya Research Research Station (9,1 %) in 2015 and 2017. For both test sites, it was the same in 2016 (3,0 %). By the proportion of hybrids with a large difference in the manifestation of productivity, depending on the places and years of research, the magnitude of the variation coefficient has been shown to have a significant effect of the external condition on the manifestation of the sign. The maximum value of the latter reached 88 %, although in some hybrids it was within 5–10 %. A different reaction was found to the outer complex of sister forms, which depended on the origin of the material. |
