| Autor: |
Reda Abd-Elfattah, Alaa M.A. Elhdad, Ahmed Khames, Mohmed E.A. Abdelrahim, Samia A. Shouman |
| Jazyk: |
angličtina |
| Rok vydání: |
2017 |
| Předmět: |
|
| Zdroj: |
Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, Vol 6, Iss 1, Pp 76-82 (2017) |
| Druh dokumentu: |
article |
| ISSN: |
2314-8535 |
| DOI: |
10.1016/j.bjbas.2017.01.006 |
| Popis: |
Purpose: To compare the pharmacokinetic profile, clinical efficacy and toxicity of once-daily dosing of amikacin compared to twice-daily dosing among pediatric cancer patients with fever and neutropenia. Methods: 134 pediatric patients with hematological malignancies were randomly assigned to receive 15 mg/kg/day amikacin intravenously, either once or twice-daily dosing. For pharmacokinetics, two blood samples were obtained from each patient, the first sample was taken after 1 h from the beginning of infusion and the second sample was taken after 3 h from the first sample. Treatment success was considered when the patient improved without a change in the assigned antibiotic regimen or mortality from infection. Nephrotoxicity was assessed by following the increase in serum creatinine level. Results: Pharmacokinetic data revealed superiority in once-daily dosing where maximum concentration Cmax, area under the concentration time curve in 24 h AUC24 and elimination half-life t1/2 were a significantly higher while minimum concentration Cmin, elimination rate constant Ke and clearance CL were significantly lower in once-daily dosing compared to the twice-daily dosing. Clinical response achieved in 76.8% in once-daily group compared to 69.2% in twice-daily group. Nephrotoxicity was recorded in two patients in once-daily group and six patients in the twice-daily group. After stratifying our patients according to age, a significant increase was observed in the volume of distribution V and CL in pediatrics with age ⩽five compared to >five years. Cmax and AUC24 were significantly lower in the age group of ⩽five years. Conclusions: Clinical efficacy and nephrotoxicity were slightly improved in once-daily dosing compared to twice-daily dosing. |
| Databáze: |
Directory of Open Access Journals |
| Externí odkaz: |
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