Prognostic Significance and Therapeutic Implications of CD34, an Angiogenic Marker, in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Narrative Review

Autor: Niva Mahapatra, S Nithya, Divya Uppala, Soundarya Srinivasan, Daffney Mano Doss
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2024
Předmět:
Zdroj: Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, Vol 18, Iss 12, Pp 01-04 (2024)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 2249-782X
0973-709X
DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2024/74349.20367
Popis: Head and neck cancer is the 7th most common malignancy worldwide. Few decades earlier, there has been an enormous rise in genetic events as the source in the development of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) and metastasis to various organs. The seeding of neoplastic cells occurs via blood vessels (haematogenous spread), lymphatics (lymphogenous spread), or invasion into body cavities (transcoelomic spread). Neoangiogenesis results in haematogenous spread from the site of the primary tumour. Various angiogenic markers have been recognised, like Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), Angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1), Ang-2, Cluster of Differentiation (CD34), in head and neck neoplasms. The specificity and sensitivity of CD34 helps in vascular endothelial cell staining. CD34 is a type I transmembrane molecule of 110 kDa that is heavily glycosylated and expressed on haematopoietic progenitor cells selectively. The quantification of new blood vessels using CD34 antibody by Microvessel Density (MVD) can be used as a diagnostic and therapeutic indicator in many solid malignancies, like OSCC. Increased expression of positive CD34 antibody induces neoangiogenesis in neoplasms, upsurges the stemness of cancer and boosts its potential to metastasise. In this context, the present review focuses on use of CD34 antibody as a potential angiogenic marker that can be used to determine the the aggressiveness and potential outcome of the tumour based on the literature overview.
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