Unraveling the Complexities of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Biomarkers in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review

Autor: Salvatore Lavalle, Edoardo Masiello, Giannicola Iannella, Giuseppe Magliulo, Annalisa Pace, Jerome Rene Lechien, Christian Calvo-Henriquez, Salvatore Cocuzza, Federica Maria Parisi, Valentin Favier, Ahmed Yassin Bahgat, Giovanni Cammaroto, Luigi La Via, Caterina Gagliano, Alberto Caranti, Claudio Vicini, Antonino Maniaci
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2024
Předmět:
Zdroj: Life, Vol 14, Iss 4, p 425 (2024)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 14040425
2075-1729
DOI: 10.3390/life14040425
Popis: Background: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), affecting approximately 1 billion adults globally, is characterized by recurrent airway obstruction during sleep, leading to oxygen desaturation, elevated carbon dioxide levels, and disrupted sleep architecture. OSAS significantly impacts quality of life and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, particularly in the cardiovascular and cognitive domains. The cyclic pattern of intermittent hypoxia in OSAS triggers oxidative stress, contributing to cellular damage. This review explores the intricate relationship between OSAS and oxidative stress, shedding light on molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic interventions. Methods: A comprehensive review spanning from 2000 to 2023 was conducted using the PubMed, Cochrane, and EMBASE databases. Inclusion criteria encompassed English articles focusing on adults or animals and reporting values for oxidative stress and inflammation biomarkers. Results: The review delineates the imbalance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory factors in OSAS, leading to heightened oxidative stress. Reactive oxygen species biomarkers, nitric oxide, inflammatory cytokines, endothelial dysfunction, and antioxidant defense mechanisms are explored in the context of OSAS. OSAS-related complications include cardiovascular disorders, neurological impairments, metabolic dysfunction, and a potential link to cancer. This review emphasizes the potential of antioxidant therapy as a complementary treatment strategy. Conclusions: Understanding the molecular intricacies of oxidative stress in OSAS is crucial for developing targeted therapeutic interventions. The comprehensive analysis of biomarkers provides insights into the complex interplay between OSAS and systemic complications, offering avenues for future research and therapeutic advancements in this multifaceted sleep disorder.
Databáze: Directory of Open Access Journals
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