The First Case of Haemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Triggered by the Booster Dose of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine in a Patient with β-Thalassemia

Autor: Giuseppina Calvaruso, Marta Chiavetta, Disma Renda, Simona Raso, Francesco Dieli, Vincenzo Luca Lentini, Massimo Gentile, Antonio Carroccio, Aurelio Maggio
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2022
Předmět:
Zdroj: Thalassemia Reports, Vol 12, Iss 2, Pp 46-50 (2022)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 2039-4365
DOI: 10.3390/thalassrep12020009
Popis: Background: Haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare and potentially life-threatening systemic hyperinflammatory disease, which can have several aetiologies. Clinical case: a 48-year-old woman affected by a transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia was hospitalized in our haematology unit presenting with intermittent fever, haepatosplenomegaly and pancytopenia, which developed a few days after the booster dose of anti-SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine. The investigations performed during hospitalization led to a diagnosis of HLH and steroid therapy where IV dexamethasone was initiated and provided benefits. Conclusions: the severity of HLH mandates early treatment, but the management of patients with post-vaccine HLH is still challenging and requires further study. No cases of HLH in patients with thalassemia were previously described.
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