| Autor: |
Heng Hu, Min Liu, Jiqin Zhong, Xin Deng, Yunchang Cao, Peng Fang |
| Jazyk: |
angličtina |
| Rok vydání: |
2021 |
| Předmět: |
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| Zdroj: |
Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 12, p 2422 (2021) |
| Druh dokumentu: |
article |
| ISSN: |
2072-4292 |
| DOI: |
10.3390/rs13122422 |
| Popis: |
A fast voxel traversal algorithm for ray tracing was applied to build a 4 × 4 × 20 tomography model using the observation data of 11 ground-based Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) meteorology (GNSS/MET) stations in Hebei Province, China. The precipitation water vapor (PWV) observed at 05 a.m. (Universal Time Coordinated: UTC) on 10 December 2019, was used to reconstruct three-dimensional (3D) water vapor density fields over the test area. The tomographic results (GNSS_T) show that the water vapor density above this area is mainly below 25 g/m3 and is concentrated between the first to the fourth layers. The vertical distribution conforms to the exponential characteristics, while the horizontal distribution shows a decreasing trend from southwest to northeast. In addition, the results of the 0.25° grid dataset generated by the Global Forecast System (GFS) of the National Center for Environmental Forecasting (NCEP) (GFS_L) were interpolated to the height of the tomographic grid, which is in good agreement with the tomographic results. GFS_L is larger than GNSS_T on the first floor at the surface, with an average deviation of 0.19 g/m3. In contrast, GFS_L from the second floor to the top of the model is smaller than GNSS_T, with the average deviations distributed between −0.08 and −0.15 g/m3. |
| Databáze: |
Directory of Open Access Journals |
| Externí odkaz: |
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