Vitamin D status, vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism, and haplotype in patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis: Correlation with susceptibility and parasite load index.

Autor: Doaa A Salem, Mohammad A Alghamdi, Hasan S Al-Ghamdi, Bakheet A Alghamdi, Ayman Zaki Elsayed Elsamanoudi, Abdulkarim Hasan
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2023
Předmět:
Zdroj: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 17, Iss 6, p e0011393 (2023)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 1935-2727
1935-2735
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011393
Popis: BackgroundCL endemicity was reported worldwide including in Saudi Arabia, imposing a major challenge on the health authorities. Vitamin D and its receptor (VDR) are key modulators of the immune response where the VDR is expressed. A remarkable lack of data exists in humans about the contribution of vitamin D and polymorphisms of the VDR gene in protozoan infections, especially cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL).ObjectiveThis is the first work conducted to assess the relationship between vitamin D status, polymorphisms of the VDR gene (BsmI, ApaI, TaqI, and FokI), and VDR haplotype with parasite tissue load and susceptibility to CL.MethodsFifty-two patients with confirmed CL (21 patients receiving vitamin D medication and 31 patients not receiving it) and 46 control subjects participated in this cross-sectional investigation. VDR genotyping was determined by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Serum levels of 25-OH vitamin D were assessed using the ELISA method in all participants. The skin biopsy quantified the parasite load based on the Ridley parasitic index.ResultsThe mean serum level of 25-OH vitamin D in CL patients who were not receiving vitamin D therapy was significantly lower compared to CL patients on vitamin D therapy and controls (p 0.05). When compared to controls, CL cases had a considerably greater frequency of the "B-A-T-F" haplotype (p = 0.04), and a significantly lower frequency of the "B-a-T-F" haplotype (p = 0.01) suggesting that these haplotypes may have the potential susceptibility or protection against CL respectively. The "Aa" genotype in ApaI SNP of VDR had considerably lower levels of vitamin D with higher parasite load compared to the "AA" and: aa" genotypes (p = 0.02,0.02 respectively). A significant negative correlation was found between the parasite load and 25-OH vitamin D levels (r2 = -0.53, p< 0.001).ConclusionsAccording to these findings, vitamin D levels and "ApaI" VDR gene polymorphisms could affect the parasite load and susceptibility to infection, whereas BsmI, FokI, and TaqI polymorphisms did not. Correction of vitamin D levels may aid in CL management.
Databáze: Directory of Open Access Journals
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