| Autor: |
Lidia Sánchez-Morales, Néstor Porras, Teresa García-Seco, Marta Pérez-Sancho, Fátima Cruz, Blanca Chinchilla, Sandra Barroso-Arévalo, Marta Diaz-Frutos, Aránzazu Buendía, Inmaculada Moreno, Víctor Briones, María de los Ángeles Risalde, José de la Fuente, Ramón Juste, Joseba Garrido, Ana Balseiro, Christian Gortázar, Antonio Rodríguez-Bertos, Mercedes Domínguez, Lucas Domínguez |
| Jazyk: |
angličtina |
| Rok vydání: |
2024 |
| Předmět: |
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| Zdroj: |
Veterinary Research, Vol 55, Iss 1, Pp 1-18 (2024) |
| Druh dokumentu: |
article |
| ISSN: |
1297-9716 |
| DOI: |
10.1186/s13567-024-01325-7 |
| Popis: |
Abstract In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2, questions emerged about the potential effects of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine on the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, including the neurodegenerative diseases it may contribute to. To explore this, an experimental study was carried out in BCG-stimulated and non-stimulated k18-hACE2 mice challenged with SARS-CoV-2. Viral loads in tissues determined by RT-qPCR, histopathology in brain and lungs, immunohistochemical study in brain (IHC) as well as mortality rates, clinical signs and plasma inflammatory and coagulation biomarkers were assessed. Our results showed BCG-SARS-CoV-2 challenged mice presented higher viral loads in the brain and an increased frequency of neuroinvasion, with the greatest differences observed between groups at 3–4 days post-infection (dpi). Histopathological examination showed a higher severity of brain lesions in BCG-SARS-CoV-2 challenged mice, mainly consisting of neuroinflammation, increased glial cell population and neuronal degeneration, from 5 dpi onwards. This group also presented higher interstitial pneumonia and vascular thrombosis in lungs (3–4 dpi), BCG-SARS-CoV-2 mice showed higher values for TNF-α and D-dimer values, while iNOS values were higher in SARS-CoV-2 mice at 3–4 dpi. Results presented in this study indicate that BCG stimulation could have intensified the inflammatory and neurodegenerative lesions promoting virus neuroinvasion and dissemination in this experimental model. Although k18-hACE2 mice show higher hACE2 expression and neurodissemination, this study suggests that, although the benefits of BCG on enhancing heterologous protection against pathogens and tumour cells have been broadly demonstrated, potential adverse outcomes due to the non-specific effects of BCG should be considered. |
| Databáze: |
Directory of Open Access Journals |
| Externí odkaz: |
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