High-dose carfilzomib achieves superior anti-tumor activity over low-dose and recaptures response in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma resistant to lowdose carfilzomib by co-inhibiting the β2 and β1 subunits of the proteasome complex

Autor: Xiang Zhou, Andrej Besse, Jessica Peter, Maximilian Johannes Steinhardt, Cornelia Vogt, Silvia Nerreter, Eva Teufel, Emilia Stanojkovska, Xianghui Xiao, Hannah Hornburger, Larissa Haertle, Max Mendez Lopez, Umair Munawar, Angela Riedel, Seungbin Han, Elmer Maurits, Herman S. Overkleeft, Bogdan Florea, Hermann Einsele, K. Martin Kortüm, Christoph Driessen, Lenka Besse, Leo Rasche
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2023
Předmět:
Zdroj: Haematologica, Vol 108, Iss 6 (2023)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 0390-6078
1592-8721
DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2022.282225
Popis: Optimal carfilzomib dosing is a matter of debate. We analyzed the inhibition profiles of proteolytic proteasome subunits β5, β2 and β1 after low-dose (20/27 mg/m2) versus high-dose (≥36 mg/m2) carfilzomib in 103 pairs of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with relapsed/refractory (RR) multiple myeloma (MM). β5 activity was inhibited (median inhibition >50%) in vivo by 20 mg/m2, whereas β2 and β1 were co-inhibited only by 36 and 56 mg/m2, respectively. Coinhibition of β2 (P=0.0001) and β1 activity (P=0.0005) differed significantly between high-dose and low-dose carfilzomib. Subsequently, high-dose carfilzomib showed significantly more effective proteasome inhibition than low-dose carfilzomib in vivo (P=0.0003). We investigated the clinical data of 114 patients treated with carfilzomib combinations. High-dose carfilzomib demonstrated a higher overall response rate (P=0.03) and longer progression-free survival (PFS) (P=0.007) than low-dose carfilzomib. Therefore, we escalated the carfilzomib dose to ≥36 mg/m2 in 16 patients who progressed during low-dose carfilzomib-containing therapies. High-dose carfilzomib recaptured response (≥ partial remission) in nine (56%) patients with a median PFS of 4.4 months. Altogether, we provide the first in vivo evidence in RRMM patients that the molecular activity of high-dose carfilzomib differs from that of low-dose carfilzomib by coinhibition of β2 and β1 proteasome subunits and, consequently, high-dose carfilzomib achieves a superior anti-MM effect than low-dose carfilzomib and recaptures the response in RRMM resistant to low-dose carfilzomib. The optimal carfilzomib dose should be ≥36 mg/m2 to reach a sufficient anti-tumor activity, while the balance between efficacy and tolerability should be considered in each patient.
Databáze: Directory of Open Access Journals
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