| Autor: |
Zoran Perić, Aleksandar Marković, Nataša Kontrec, Jelena Nikolić, Marko D. Petković, Aleksandra Jovanović |
| Jazyk: |
angličtina |
| Rok vydání: |
2022 |
| Předmět: |
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| Zdroj: |
Mathematics, Vol 10, Iss 19, p 3590 (2022) |
| Druh dokumentu: |
article |
| ISSN: |
2227-7390 |
| DOI: |
10.3390/math10193590 |
| Popis: |
The Gaussian Q-function has considerable applications in numerous areas of science and engineering. However, the fact that a closed-form expression for this function does not exist encourages finding approximations or bounds of the Q-function. In this paper, we determine analytically two novel interval upper bound Q-function approximations and show that they could be used efficiently not only for the symbol error probability (SEP) estimation of transmission over Nakagami-m fading channels, but also for the average symbol error probability (ASEP) evaluation for two modulation formats. Specifically, we determine analytically the composition of the upper bound Q-function approximations specified at disjoint intervals of the input argument values so as to provide the highest accuracy within the intervals, by utilizing the selected one of two upper bound Q-function approximations. We show that a further increase of the accuracy, achieved in the case with two upper-bound approximations composing the interval approximation, can be obtained by forming a composite interval approximation of the Q-function that assumes another extra interval and by specifying the third form for the upper-bound Q-function approximation. The proposed analytical approach can be considered universal and widely applicable. The results presented in the paper indicate that the proposed Q-function approximations outperform in terms of accuracy other well-known approximations carefully chosen for comparison purposes. This approximation can be used in numerous theoretical communication problems based on the Q-function calculation. In this paper, we apply it to estimate the average bit error rate (ABER), when the transmission in a Nakagami-m fading channel is observed for the assumed binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) and differentially encoded quadrature phase-shift keying (DE-QPSK) modulation formats, as well as to design scalar quantization with equiprobable cells for variables from a Gaussian source. |
| Databáze: |
Directory of Open Access Journals |
| Externí odkaz: |
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