Aspectos ecológicos da tripanossomose americana: II - distribuição e dispersão local de triatomíneos em ecótopos naturais e artificiais Ecological aspects of South American tripanosomiasis: II - local distribution and dispersion of triatomids in natural and artificial ecotopes
| Autor: | Oswaldo Paulo Forattini, Octávio Alves Ferreira, Eduardo Olavo da Rocha e Silva, Ernesto Xavier Rabello, Jair L. Ferreira dos Santos |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | English<br />Spanish; Castilian<br />Portuguese |
| Rok vydání: | 1971 |
| Předmět: |
Tripanossomose americana
Triatoma sordida Rhodnius neglectus Ecologia médica Triatoma infestans Trypanosoma cruzi Doença de Chagas Triatomíneos Valência ecológica Ecótopos naturais e artificiais Trypanosomiasis South American Medical Ecology Chagas Disease triatomids Ecological valence Ecotopes Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
| Zdroj: | Revista de Saúde Pública, Vol 5, Iss 2, Pp 163-191 (1971) |
| Druh dokumentu: | article |
| ISSN: | 0034-8910 1518-8787 |
| DOI: | 10.1590/S0034-89101971000200001 |
| Popis: | São apresentados os resultados de investigação destinada a estabelecer o quadro de distribuição de Triatoma sordida e Rhodnius neglectus em áreas com ecótopos naturais e artificiais. Essa distribuição revelou-se do tipo agrupado ou contagiante, dirigida uniformemente para casas e anexos por parte do primeiro, e para palmeiras por parte do segundo. Em áreas de vegetação mais densa, do tipo cerrado, a densidade é praticamente nula ou muito baixa, admitindo-se que isso deva correr por conta da competição. As modificações introduzidas pelo homem tendem a anular êsse fator, além de, as suas habitações, se transformarem em ecótopos que atraem a população de T. sordida. Êsse fato, aliado à eliminação local do T. infestans, parece explicar a tendência invasiva daquele triatomíneo. Evidenciou-se também a persistência da infecção pelo Trypanosoma cruzi em triatomíneos e vertebrados domiciliados, o que representa potencial para o incremento da transmissão.A local distribution pattern of Triatoma sordida and Rhodnius neglectus is described after an intensive investigation on natural and artificial ecotopes. The work was carried in a region at north of the State of São Paulo, Brazil. Measures of dispersion pattern were made by the Morisita's indices showing contagious distributions to both bugs. The T. sordida population was clumped at houses and surrounding dwellings, while R. neglectus presented the same aspect but relater to palm trees. The first bug showed ubiquity patter including palms, dry trees and fences. These last two situations are not favourable for obtaining blood meals, who are much more easy obtained at human dwellings. By other side, the investigations at areas with more dense vegetation like bush, resulted in very few T. sordida and none R. neglectus, probably owing of other populations competition as predators reduvids bugs, found there with great density. So it seems logic remove that competition and triatomids remains free to increase in the residual ecotopes. From these, T. sordida is atracted to houses where the bugs may will found more available blood meals, and so the distribution pattern becomes contagious at these places characterizing the invasive aspect at these places. Beside this, the elimination of the early Triatoma infestans populations from dwellings by insecticide spraying (BHC), becomes vacant an ecological niche that seems, in this case, to be occupied by T. sordida. On the contrary, R. neglectus, specialized at palm trees, may found easily blood meals represented by birds and mammals nests and so, the contagious distribution is restricted at these ecotopes with little or even no tendence to invade houses. The persistence of Trypanosoma cruzi in the area was detected both by triatomids naturally infected found in dwellings and by positive xenodiagnosis obtained in Rattus norvegicus captured there. So, the possibility of increase of local transmission rate is emphasized. |
| Databáze: | Directory of Open Access Journals |
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