Compressibility and the Equation of State of an Optical Quantum Gas in a Box

Autor: Busley, Erik, Miranda, Leon Espert, Redmann, Andreas, Kurtscheid, Christian, Umesh, Kirankumar Karkihalli, Vewinger, Frank, Weitz, Martin, Schmitt, Julian
Rok vydání: 2021
Předmět:
Zdroj: Science 375, 1403-1406 (2022)
Druh dokumentu: Working Paper
DOI: 10.1126/science.abm2543
Popis: The compressibility of a medium, quantifying its response to mechanical perturbations, is a fundamental property determined by the equation of state. For gases of material particles, studies of the mechanical response are well established, in fields from classical thermodynamics to cold atomic quantum gases. Here we demonstrate a measurement of the compressibility of a two-dimensional quantum gas of light in a box potential and obtain the equation of state for the optical medium. The experiment is carried out in a nanostructured dye-filled optical microcavity. We observe signatures of Bose-Einstein condensation at high phase-space densities in the finite-size system. Strikingly, upon entering the quantum degenerate regime, the measured density response to an external force sharply increases, hinting at the peculiar prediction of an infinite compressibility of the deeply degenerate Bose gas.
Comment: 9 + 9 pages, 4 + 6 figures
Databáze: arXiv
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