Tracking evaporative cooling of a mesoscopic atomic quantum gas in real time
| Autor: | Zeiher, Johannes, Wolf, Julian, Isaacs, Joshua A., Kohler, Jonathan, Stamper-Kurn, Dan M. |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Phys. Rev. X 11, 041017 (2021) |
| Druh dokumentu: | Working Paper |
| DOI: | 10.1103/PhysRevX.11.041017 |
| Popis: | The fluctuations in thermodynamic and transport properties in many-body systems gain importance as the number of constituent particles is reduced. Ultracold atomic gases provide a clean setting for the study of mesoscopic systems; however, the detection of temporal fluctuations is hindered by the typically destructive detection, precluding repeated precise measurements on the same sample. Here, we overcome this hindrance by utilizing the enhanced light--matter coupling in an optical cavity to perform a minimally invasive continuous measurement and track the time evolution of the atom number in a quasi two-dimensional atomic gas during evaporation from a tilted trapping potential. We demonstrate sufficient measurement precision to detect atom number fluctuations well below the level set by Poissonian statistics. Furthermore, we characterize the non-linearity of the evaporation process and the inherent fluctuations of the transport of atoms out of the trapping volume through two-time correlations of the atom number. Our results establish coupled atom--cavity systems as a novel testbed for observing thermodynamics and transport phenomena in mesosopic cold atomic gases and, generally, pave the way for measuring multi-time correlation functions of ultracold quantum gases. Comment: Significantly extended discussion of Fig. 4. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. X |
| Databáze: | arXiv |
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