| Popis: |
To quantitatively evaluate the effects of drought on vegetation productivity in the Qinling-Daba Mountains, we analyzed the temporal and spatial characteristics of gross primary productivity (GPP) and drought, identified the fluctuation of negative GPP extremes under different vegetation types, and quantified the drought vulnerability and drought risk of GPP from 2001 to 2020 with MODIS GPP products and standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI). The results showed that the annual GPP from 2001 to 2020 had an increasing trend in 98.0% of areas in the Qinling-Daba Mountains. The GPP of all vegetation types except wetlands increased significantly. SPEI decreased in 23.8% of area in the Qinling-Daba Mountains from 2001 to 2020. The number of negative GPP extremes had no significant trend, but abnormal GPP fluctuations had intensified, especially in the cultivated land. After 2011, the proportion of concurrent negative GPP extreme and drought had decreased for all vegetation types, but the spatial and temporal range of drought in these negative GPP extremes showed an expanding trend. Compared with the pattern during 2001-2010, the proportion of area with positive drought vulnerability and drought risk increased by 104.1% and 6.7% after 2011, indicating that the area with drought-induced GPP decline had expanded. Among all the vegetation types, drought caused the largest decrease of GPP in wetlands. The results revealed that drought led to an aggravation of GPP fluctuations and increased frequency of GPP extremes in the Qinling-Daba Mountains from 2001 to 2020, which resulted in GPP decline with different magnitudes in most vegetation types.为定量评估干旱对秦巴山区植被生产力的影响,本研究利用MODIS GPP数据和标准化降水蒸散指数(SPEI),分析了2001—2020年秦巴山区总初级生产力(GPP)和干旱时空变化特征,识别了不同植被类型GPP负异常事件的波动趋势,量化了GPP的干旱脆弱性和干旱风险。结果表明: 2001—2020年间,秦巴山区98.0%的区域年GPP呈增加趋势。除湿地外,其余植被类型GPP均呈极显著增长。秦巴山区23.8%的区域SPEI呈减小趋势。GPP负异常事件数无显著变化,但GPP异常波动程度逐渐加剧,并以耕地最明显。2011年后,所有地类GPP负异常与干旱并发事件比例均下降,但干旱在GPP负异常事件中的时空范围呈扩大趋势。与2001—2010年相比,2011年后GPP干旱脆弱性和干旱风险为正值的区域占比分别增长104.1%和6.7%,即干旱导致GPP下降的面积有所扩大。所有地类中,干旱导致湿地GPP下降的程度最大。研究结果揭示出2001—2020年干旱使秦巴山区GPP波动加剧,极端值出现频率增大,进而导致多数植被类型GPP出现不同程度的下降。. |
