Release of soluble and vesicular purine nucleoside phosphorylase from rat astrocytes and microglia induced by pro-inflammatory stimulation with extracellular ATP via P2X

Autor: Luis Emiliano, Peña-Altamira, Elisabetta, Polazzi, Patricia, Giuliani, Alina, Beraudi, Francesca, Massenzio, Ilaria, Mengoni, Alessandro, Poli, Mariachiara, Zuccarini, Renata, Ciccarelli, Patrizia, Di Iorio, Marco, Virgili, Barbara, Monti, Francesco, Caciagli
Rok vydání: 2017
Předmět:
Zdroj: Neurochemistry international. 115
ISSN: 1872-9754
Popis: Purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP), a crucial enzyme in purine metabolism which converts ribonucleosides into purine bases, has mainly been found inside glial cells. Since we recently demonstrated that PNP is released from rat C6 glioma cells, we then wondered whether this occurs in normal brain cells. Using rat primary cultures of microglia, astrocytes and cerebellar granule neurons, we found that in basal condition all these cells constitutively released a metabolically active PNP with Km values very similar to those measured in C6 glioma cells. However, the enzyme expression/release was greater in microglia or astrocytes that in neurons. Moreover, we exposed primary brain cell cultures to pro-inflammatory agents such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or ATP alone or in combination. LPS alone caused an increased interleukin-1β (IL-1β) secretion mainly from microglia and no modification in the PNP release, even from neurons in which it enhanced cell death. In contrast, ATP administered alone to glial cells at high micromolar concentrations significantly stimulated the release of PNP within 1 h, an effect not modified by LPS presence, whereas IL-1β secretion was stimulated by ATP only in cells primed for 2 h with LPS. In both cases ATP effect was mediated by P2X
Databáze: OpenAIRE
Externí odkaz: