| Autor: |
J, Feifel, M, von Cube, K, Ohneberg, K, Ershova, M, Wolkewitz, J, Beyersmann, M, Schumacher |
| Rok vydání: |
2021 |
| Předmět: |
|
| Zdroj: |
Epidemiology and Infection |
| ISSN: |
1469-4409 |
| Popis: |
In extensive cohort studies, the ascertainment of covariate information on all individuals can be challenging. In hospital epidemiology, an additional issue is often the time-dependency of the exposure of interest. We revisit and compare two sampling designs constructed for rare time-dependent exposures and possibly common outcomes – the nested exposure case-control design and exposure density sampling. Both designs enable efficient hazard ratio estimation by sampling all exposed individuals but only a small fraction of the unexposed ones. Moreover, they account for time-dependent exposure to avoid immortal time bias. We evaluate and compare their performance using data of patients hospitalised in the neuro-intensive care unit at the Burdenko Neurosurgery Institute in Moscow, Russia. Three different types of hospital-acquired infections with different prevalence are considered. Additionally, inflation factors, a primary performance measure, are discussed. We enhance both designs to allow for a competitive analysis of combined and competing endpoints compared to the full cohort approach while substantially reducing the amount of necessary information. Nonetheless, exposure density sampling outperforms the nested exposure case-control design concerning efficiency and accuracy in most considered settings. |
| Databáze: |
OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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