| Popis: |
Risk assessment audits are considered as service offers of consulting engineers. The employment of modern technology (e.g. web-based tools) affects audit methodology as well as the range of services. Besides extended data-handling and illustration facilities, changes that will move audit approaches from paper application and FMEA-like check lists to computer-aided and formalised algorithms require adaptability of engineering offices. The paper presents a risk audit methodology in the area of fire protection which bases on a joint R&D project of a Swiss engineering office (contractee) and Swiss and German universities (academia). It defines and discusses the terms in use (risk, hazard, and safety) as well as the field of application. In the latter, compliance check is confronted with risk optimisation. The contractee’s demand for generalisation, web-services, practicability as well as the respect of in-house realities necessitates the revision of the risk check approach in use. The contractee’s wealth of experience in risk audits needs to be re-utilised as fa as possible. A multi-attribute approach for specifying and weighting undesired events and consequences is introduced as damage is mostly attributed to personal damage, buildings, property, and interruption in production or operations.For this, a Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is introduced in the academic problem-solving approach. A set of event trees is generated which covers the most important scenarios in the area of fire protection. These event trees are integrated in the multi-attribute approach. The methodology is further tailored towards a contractee’s problem solving approach which simplifies AHP. A literature research shows the current practise of AHP in the area of risk assessment as well as common computer models for fire and smoke associated with risk assessment. Pro and cons of the presented risk audit approach are discussed. |
