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Uvod: Športni ples na invalidskem vozičku, imenovan tudi »para dance sport«, je šport, kjer osebe z različnimi oviranostmi plešejo na invalidskem vozičku. Prostočasne aktivnosti, prilagojene gibalno oviranim osebam, omogočajo zadovoljno, kvalitetno življenje, med drugim tudi možnost izbire tekmovalnega športa. Prilagojen šport osebam z različnimi omejitvami omogoča, da se lahko z njim ukvarjajo. Ples je bogata okupacija, ki lahko zaradi vseh pozitivnih učinkov omogoča spremembo in osmišlja življenja gibalno oviranih oseb. Okupacije so pomemben dejavnik zdravja. Močno so povezane s posameznikovo identiteto, razkrivanjem le-te ter kakovostjo življenja posameznika. Namen: Z raziskavo smo ugotavljali, kako športni ples na invalidskem vozičku kot okupacijo doživljajo gibalno ovirane osebe, kaj jim pomeni ter kako vpliva na njihovo delovanje. Zanimali so nas učinki na telesnem, psihičnem in socialnem področju posameznika ter kaj jih pri izvedbi plesa spodbuja oz. podpira in kaj ovira. Metode dela: V kvalitativni raziskavi smo podatke pridobili s poglobljenimi intervjuji s štirimi športnimi plesalci na invalidskem vozičku. Rezultati: Udeležencem v raziskavi ples pomeni način izražanja samega sebe in jih odvrača od skrbi. Preko plesa doživljajo vrsto pozitivnih občutkov omogoča jim tudi občutek zanosa. Pomaga jim pri ohranjanju/izboljšanju motoričnih spretnosti, kar prispeva k učinkovitejšemu izvajanju dnevnih aktivnosti. Para športni ples vpliva na izboljšanje samozaupanja, samopodobe, samozavesti, osebnostno rast in pomaga pri spoprijemanju z oviranostjo. S pomočjo plesa para športni plesalci širijo socialno mrežo. Pri podpornih dejavnikih omenjajo družino, plesni klub in finančno podporo, ki jo prav tako omenjajo kot prepreko. Med ovirami omenjajo še neustrezne invalidske vozičke za ples ter opremo, mišljenje ljudi, težko usklajevanje obveznosti ter gibalno oviranost. Razprava in zaključek: Ples kot okupacija pomembno prispeva h kakovosti življenja para športnih plesalcev. Da bi jo para športni plesalci lahko izvajali, je pomembno zagotavljanje dostopnih prostorov za treninge, finančnih sredstev, razbijanje predsodkov o športnikih invalidih kot nezmožnih, izobraževanje širše javnosti glede gibalne oviranosti in iskanje pristopov, ki bi para športnim plesalcem omogočali boljši vpogled v svoje zmožnosti ter bi lahko določen 'primanjkljaj' izkoristili v svoj prid. Pri zagotavljanju podpor oziroma zmanjševanju ovir ima pomembno vlogo delovni terapevt. Introduction: Para dance sport is a sport where people with various disabilities dance in wheelchairs. Leisure activities, adapted for people with physical disabilities allow a satisfying, quality life, including the opportunity to compete in competitive sport. Adapted sport allows people with different limitations to engage in sport. Dance is a rich occupation and because of all it's effects people with disabilities can find their meaning of life again. Occupations are an important determinant of health. They are strongly related to individual's identity and their quality of life. Purpose: With the research we determined how para dance sport as occupation is experienced by people with physical disabilites, what it means to them and how it affects them. We searched for the effects on the physical, psychological and social area and which factors are supporting and which barriers they face. Methods: In a qualitative survey, data were obtained through interviews with four para dance sport athletes. Results: Para dance sport offers to a para dance sport athletes the way of expressing them-selfs and it distracts them from worrying. Through dance they experience a range of positive feelings, they also experience flow. Dance helps them maintain/improve their physical skills. They also mentioned it as an important factor in improving their daily life activities. Para dance sport also has an influence on their self-confidence, self-esteem, acceptance of disability and personal growth. It also helps spreading their social network. For support factors, they mention family, dance club and financial support, which they also reffer as a barrier. Other barriers they mentioned are inappropriate dance wheelchairs and equipment, stereotypical thinking of people, difficult coordination of obligations and physical disability. Discussion and conclusion: Dance as an occupation has a significiant impact on the quality of life of para dance sport athletes. It is important to provide supports and reduce barriers in order to allow dancers to engage in the occupation. For reducing barriers we have to provide accessible training facilities, financial resources, disability education and breaking stereotypes about para dance sport athletes and turning their disabilities into abilities. An occupational therapist plays an important role in providing supports and reducing barriers. |
