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Nagelj (Dianthus sp.) spada v družino klinčnic (Caryophyllaceae) in v svetovnem merilu sodi med pomembnejše okrasne rastline. V Sloveniji gojimo tako gorenjski, kot tudi manj poznani švicarski nagelj. Morfološko se nageljna razlikujeta, na genetskem nivoju pa ni veliko znanega. Zato smo izvedli genotipizacijo 36 vzorčnih rastlin z mikrosatelitskimi markerji. Iz dobljenih podatkov smo potrdili razlike med nageljni tudi na genetskem nivoju. Nagelj okužuje veliko število virusov. Nekateri izmed teh so: virus lisavosti, virus lisavosti žil, virus obročkastih razjed, virus obročkaste pegavosti, italijanski virus obročkaste pegavosti in latentni virus nageljna. Z namenom odstranitve virusov smo izolirali meristeme vzorčnih rastlin nageljna in jih gojili v rastlinskih tkivnih kulturah. Za regeneracijo meristemov smo uporabili MS z vitamini in dodatkom BAP (0,5 mg/l). Razvijajoče meristeme smo subkultivirali in kasneje tudi aklimatizirali. Prisotnost in določevanje virusov smo izvedli z namnoževanjem virusne cDNA iz začetnih vzorčnih rastlin in iz regeneriranih meristemov. Rezultati potrjujejo prisotnost virusov v uporabljenem rastlinskem materialu, tako v vzorčnih rastlinah, kot tudi v rastlinah, pridobljenih z izolacijo meristema. S sekvenciranjem smo potrdili virus lisavosti nageljna in virus lisavosti žil nageljna. Rezultati nakazujejo, da je metodo za pridobivanje zdravega rastlinskega materiala s pomočjo meristemov potrebno optimizirati z uporabo termo ali kemoterapije. The carnation (Dianthus sp.) from the family Caryophyllaceae is one of the most important ornamental plants on the world market. In Slovenia, both the Gorenjski carnation and the less well-known “švicarski” carnation are cultivated. Morphologically we can distinguish them from each other, but not much is known at the genetic level. Therefore, we genotyped 36 sample plants with microsatellite markers. Based on the data obtained, we were able to confirm the differences between the carnations at the genetic level. Carnation is infected with many viruses. Some of them are Carnation Mottle, Vein Mottle Virus, Etched Ring Virus, Ringspot Virus, Italian Ringspot Virus and Carnation Latent Virus. To remove the viruses, we isolated meristems from carnation plants and grew them in tissue culture. For meristem regeneration, we used MS medium with vitamins supplemented with BAP (0,5 mg/l). The developing meristems were subcultured and later acclimatised. Detection and identification of viruses was done by amplification of viral cDNA from sample plants and regenerated meristems. The results confirm the presence of viruses in plant material, in sample plants and in plants produced by meristem regeneration. Carnation mottle virus and carnation vein mottle virus were confirmed by sequencing. The results suggest that we need to optimise the method of developing healthy plant material from meristems by using thermotherapy or chemotherapy. |
