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Dette papir undersøger 15 lederes effektive ledelsestilgange i fem forskellige virksomheder i Danmark under otte måneders Covid-19-restriktioner. I første omgang fandt en massiv skalering af digital teknologiadoption sted, hvor ledere og medlemmer blev tvunget til at arbejde virtuelt hjemmefra (WFH). Kategoriseret som en større og brat socioteknisk ændring spurgte vi ind til oplevelserne før, under og efter lock-down, og opdagede, at medlemmernes trivsel og teamproduktivitet var bevaret. Med udgangspunkt i kritisk realisme tog vi en grounded teoritilgang til at udforske fænomenet effektivt lederskab i socio-teknisk forandring. Efter omfattende kodning abstraherede vi et underliggende mønster, der forklarer, hvordan effektive ledere anvender situationsbestemt ledelse ved løbende at aktivere synergier mellem mekanismer for socialisering, institutionalisering og individualisering i deres socio-tekniske arbejdssystemer. Disse resultater kan tjene som inspiration for forskere og ledere, der søger at finde nye måder at harmonisere sociale og tekniske strukturer under hurtig digital transformation. This paper investigates 15 leaders’ effective leadership approaches in five different companies in Denmark, during eight months of Covid-19 restrictions. Initially, a massive scaling of digital technology adoption took place, with leaders and members forced to work virtually from home (WFH). Categorized as a major and abrupt socio-technical change, we inquired into the experiences before, during and after lock-down, and discovered that member well-being and team productivity had prevailed. Drawing on critical realism, we took a grounded theory approach to explore the phenomenon of effective leadership in socio-technical change. After extensive coding, we abstracted an underlying pattern that explains how effective leaders apply situational leadership by continuously activating synergies between mechanisms of socialization, institutionalization, and individualization in their socio-technical work-systems. These findings can serve as an inspiration to researchers and managers that seek to find new ways of harmonizing social and technical structures during rapid digital transformation. |
