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This study was carried out to evaluate the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of bacterial isolates from dental caries patients attending the clinic at Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua, Nigeria. A total of 223 bacteria samples (Streptococcus mutans = 151; Streptococcus sobrinus = 36; Lactobacillus acidophilus = 22; Streptococcus salivarius = 10; Streptococcus mitis = 4) were collected from the patients. Antimicrobial sensitivity testing was done by single disc agar diffusion method on 24 antibiotics; selected into eight different groups of 3 according to action, community usage, and generation. The average group susceptibility of antibiotics to all bacterial isolates were 25.71%, 53.81%, 13.75%, 32.74%, 10.76%, 8.52%, 0.60% and 64.42% for group 1 to 8 respectively. Specifi cally, the most potent antibiotic in the different groups of antibiotics was Amoxicillin (42.60%), Unasyn (78.03%), Chloramphenicol (37.67%), Erythromycin (74.44%), Streptomycin (28.70%), Cefotaxime (18.39%), Pefl oxacin (1.79%) and Clindamycin (96.41%). There was total resistance of all isolates to Cotrimoxazole, Neomycin, Ciprofl oxacin, and Ofl oxacin. The overall sensitivity of each isolated bacterial to the 24 antibiotics was 26.27%, 26.62%, 22.73%, 32.50%, and 28.13% for Strep. mutans, Strep. sobrinus, L. acidophilus, Strep. salivarius and Strep. mitis respectively. Considering the overall low sensitivity of dental caries isolates to the overall 24 antibiotics, there is a need for antibiotic susceptibility screening before an antibiotic prescription for the treatment of dental caries. |
