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In the article the features of demutational processes in fallow lands are considered on the example of key plots with soils of light granulometric composition in Transbaikalia. There is a «failure » of the classical scheme for the restoration of fallow land on alkaline sands. There is a development of biological crusts, which prepare the substrate for the settlement of higher vegetation. A record decrease in the humus and fine earth content (particles less than 0,05 mm in diameter) is noted in the surface horizons of the fallow land, which is 0,45 % in the Barguzin basin and 0,38 % in Ust-Kiran. During the process of restoration, in Ust-Kiran key plot, the stage of weedy and annual species of polynyas and motley grass has already been passed, and at present the vegetative composition is represented by a small mosaic of mono-dominant parcels. In the «Upper Kuitun» key plot, overgrowing of deposits by higher vegetation is prevented by the moss-lichen cover formed on the soil surface. The process of so-called «soil sequestration», which discovered in the ecosystems of this site, not only leads to a special type of degradation of pasture vegetation, but contributes to the depletion of its water potential. Исследования выполнены в рамках темы № АААА–А17–117011810038–7, а также при финансовой поддержке гранта РФФИ № 17-29-05019. |
