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Jichan Shi,1,* Gexin Gao,2,* Jing Pan,3 Lian-Peng Wu,4 Hongye Ning,1 Zhengxin Wu,1 Xinchun Ye,1 Xiangao Jiang1 1Department of Infectious Disease, The Theorem Clinical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, Peopleâs Republic of China; 2Department of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Peopleâs Republic of China; 3Department of Geriatric Medicine, The Theorem Clinical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, Peopleâs Republic of China; 4Department of Laboratory, The Dingli Clinical Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, Peopleâs Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xiangao Jiang, Department of Infectious Disease, The Theorem Clinical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Central Hospital, 252 BaiLiDong Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, Peopleâs Republic of China, Tel +86 13676788085, Email xiangaojiang09@163.comObjective: To evaluate the clinical value of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) in detecting Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM).Methods: The clinical data of 172 patients with suspected NTM lung disease were collected from our hospital from January 1, 2018, to December 30, 2021. The results were compared with those of BACTEC MGIT 960 in liquid culture and gene chip. This study also utilised MALDI-TOF MS to detect macrolide (MA) and amikacin (Am) mutations.Results: One hundred thirty-seven cases of NTM pulmonary disease were confirmed by identifying the NTM gene chip in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and/or MALDI-TOF MS detection. The positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 100% (131/131) and 85.37% (35/41), respectively, and the consistency of the two methods was high (kappa=0.899). For the drug resistance detection of MAs, the consistency rate between MALDI-TOF MS detection and drug sensitivity detection was 97.71% (128/131), the sensitivity was 81.25% (13/16) and the specificity was 100% (115/115). The positive and negative predictive values were 100% (13/13) and 93.75% (115/118), respectively. There was no coincidental consistency between the two methods, and the consistency was high (P< 0.001, kappa=0.884). For the drug resistance test of Am, the consistency rate between the MALDI-TOF MS test and the drug sensitivity test was 93.13% (122/131), the sensitivity was 93.52% (101/108), the specificity was 90.91% (21/23) and the positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 98.06% (101/103) and 75.00% (21/28), respectively. The two methods had high consistency, and the consistency was not coincidental (P< 0.001, kappa=0.781).Conclusion: Utilising MALDI-TOF MS has a good consistency with the drug resistance gene chip method and can be a rapid and effective method to identify strains and drug resistance of NTM. Therefore, it has certain clinical application value in patients with suspected NTM lung disease.Keywords: Nontuberculosis mycobacteria, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, strain identification, resistance |
