Effect of confounding in the association between circumcision status and urinary tract infection
| Autor: | R. S. Van Howe |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2005 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Risk Microbiology (medical) medicine.medical_specialty Pediatrics Urology Urinary system media_common.quotation_subject First year of life Urine Odds Ratio Humans Medicine Child Asymptomatic bacteriuria media_common Gynecology Selection bias Models Statistical business.industry Incidence Incidence (epidemiology) Confounding Infant Confounding Factors Epidemiologic Odds ratio Infectious Diseases Circumcision Male Child Preschool Urinary Tract Infections Female Sample collection business Monte Carlo Method Urine collection |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Infection. 51:59-68 |
| ISSN: | 0163-4453 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.jinf.2004.07.003 |
| Popis: | Summary Objectives To estimate the impact of confounding in the association between circumcision status and urinary tract infection from epidemiological factors, sample collection, and health-seeking behaviors in the first year of life. Methods Beginning with the assumption that true urinary tract infection occurred equally regardless of circumcision status, a Markov model incorporating the differences in the rates of prematurity, of urine collection, of false positive urine specimens, and of health-seeking behaviors in infant boys based on circumcision status was developed. Using this model, the rates of false-positive urine cultures, asymptomatic bacteriuria, and true urinary tract infection detected in the first year of life were estimated and contrasted. Error of the model was estimated using Monte Carlo simulations. Results Keeping the incidence of true urinary tract infection constant between groups, the factors included in the model could account for urinary tract infection being diagnosed 4.27 times more frequently in non-circumcised males under a year of age. Conclusions Previously reported differences in the rate of urinary tract infection by circumcision status could be entirely due to sampling and selection bias. Until clinical studies adequately control for sources of bias, circumcision should not be recommended as a preventive for urinary tract infection. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|
Full Text from ScienceDirect