Prevalence of Chronic Hepatitis B and Incidence of Acute Hepatitis B Infection in Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Subjects
| Autor: | A. D. McNaghten, Debra L. Hanson, Scott E. Kellerman, Patricia L. Fleming |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2003 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male medicine.medical_specialty Hepatitis B vaccine Anti-HIV Agents Population HIV Infections medicine.disease_cause Rate ratio Cohort Studies Hepatitis B Chronic Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) Risk Factors Antiretroviral Therapy Highly Active Internal medicine Prevalence Humans Immunology and Allergy Medicine Hepatitis B Vaccines Substance Abuse Intravenous education Hepatitis B virus education.field_of_study business.industry Incidence Incidence (epidemiology) Lamivudine Hepatitis B medicine.disease Black or African American Alcoholism Infectious Diseases Acute Disease Immunology Female business medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | The Journal of Infectious Diseases. 188:571-577 |
| ISSN: | 1537-6613 0022-1899 |
| DOI: | 10.1086/377135 |
| Popis: | We determined incidence and risk factors for acute and chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and HBV vaccination rates among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected subjects from the Adult/Adolescent Spectrum of HIV Disease Project, during 1998-2001. Among 16,248 HIV-infected patients receiving care, the incidence of acute HBV was 12.2 cases/1000 person-years (316 cases), was higher among black subjects (rate ratio [RR], 1.4; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0-2.0), subjects with alcoholism (RR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.2-2.3), subjects who had recently injected drugs (RR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.1-2.4), and subjects with a history of AIDS-defining conditions (RR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.2-1.9) and was lower in those taking either antiretroviral therapy (ART) with lamivudine (RR, 0.5; 95% CI, 0.4-0.6), ART without lamivudine (RR, 0.5; 95% CI, 0.3-0.7), or >/=1 dose of HBV vaccine (14% of subjects) (RR, 0.6; 95% CI, 0.4-0.9). Prevalence of chronic HBV was 7.6% among unvaccinated subjects. HBV rates in this population were much higher than those in the general population, and vaccination levels were low. HBV remains an important cause of comorbidity in HIV-infected persons, but ART and vaccination are associated with decreased disease. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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