Additive effects of climate and fisheries drive ongoing declines in multiple albatross species
| Autor: | Richard A. Phillips, A. G. Wood, Jaume Forcada, Roger Pradel, Geoff Tuck, Deborah Pardo, Louise Ireland, John P. Croxall |
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| Přispěvatelé: | British Antarctic Survey (BAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3) |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
Male
0106 biological sciences Population dynamics Climate Change Climate Population Foraging Fisheries Wind Albatross Conservation Models Biological 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences Birds Commentaries Animals Population growth Juvenile 14. Life underwater education Apex predator CNRS1 education.field_of_study Multidisciplinary Ecology Reproduction 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology Endangered Species 15. Life on land Bycatch Fishery PNAS Plus Threatened species Environmental science Female Seabird demography [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology |
| Zdroj: | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, National Academy of Sciences, 2017, 114 (50), ⟨10.1073/pnas.1618819114⟩ Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, National Academy of Sciences, 2017, 114 (50), pp.E10829-E10837. ⟨10.1073/pnas.1618819114⟩ |
| ISSN: | 0027-8424 1091-6490 |
| DOI: | 10.1073/pnas.1618819114⟩ |
| Popis: | International audience; Environmental and anthropogenic factors often drive population declines in top predators, but how their influences may combine remains unclear. Albatrosses are particularly threatened. They breed in fast-changing environments, and their extensive foraging ranges expose them to incidental mortality (bycatch) in multiple fisheries. The albatross community at South Georgia includes globally important populations of three species that have declined by 40–60% over the last 35 years. We used three steps to deeply understand the drivers of such dramatic changes: (i) describe fundamental demographic rates using multievent models, (ii) determine demographic drivers of population growth using matrix models, and (iii) identify environmental and anthropogenic drivers using ANOVAs. Each species was affected by different processes and threats in their foraging areas during the breeding and nonbreeding seasons. There was evidence for two kinds of combined environmental and anthropogenic effects. The first was sequential; in wandering and black-browed albatrosses, high levels of bycatch have reduced juvenile and adult survival, then increased temperature, reduced sea-ice cover, and stronger winds are affecting the population recovery potential. The second was additive; in gray-headed albatrosses, not only did bycatch impact adult survival but also this impact was exacerbated by lower food availability in years following El Niño events. This emphasizes the need for much improved implementation of mitigation measures in fisheries and better enforcement of compliance. We hope our results not only help focus future management actions for these populations but also demonstrate the power of the modelling approach for assessing impacts of environmental and anthropogenic drivers in wild animal populations. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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