Milk and dairy products: good or bad for human health? An assessment of the totality of scientific evidence
| Autor: | Sabita S. Soedamah-Muthu, Ian Givens, Arne Astrup, Anne Raben, Tine Tholstrup, Tanja K. Thorning |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
obesity Nutrition and Disease lcsh:TX341-641 Type 2 diabetes Disease Review Article Childhood obesity 03 medical and health sciences Breast cancer Weight loss cardiovascular disease Environmental health Voeding en Ziekte medicine Faculty of Science cancer Obesity Mortality Adverse effect VLAG Cancer 030109 nutrition & dietetics Nutrition and Dietetics business.industry type 2 diabetes osteoporosis mortality non-communicable diseases Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health food and beverages medicine.disease Cardiovascular disease mortality Biotechnology Human Nutrition Public Health Nutrition Osteoporosis medicine.symptom business lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply Food Science |
| Zdroj: | Food & Nutrition Research, Vol 60, Iss 0, Pp 1-11 (2016) Thorning, T K, Raben, A, Tholstrup, T, Soedamah-Muthu, S S, Givens, I & Astrup, A 2016, ' Milk and dairy products: good or bad for human health? An assessment of the totality of scientific evidence ', Food & Nutrition Research, vol. 60, 32527 . https://doi.org/10.3402/fnr.v60.32527 Food & Nutrition Research Food and Nutrition Research, 60(1) Food & Nutrition Research; Vol 60 (2016) Food and Nutrition Research 60 (2016) 1 |
| ISSN: | 1654-661X 1654-6628 |
| DOI: | 10.3402/fnr.v60.32527 |
| Popis: | Background : There is scepticism about health effects of dairy products in the public, which is reflected in an increasing intake of plant-based drinks, for example, from soy, rice, almond, or oat. Objective : This review aimed to assess the scientific evidence mainly from meta-analyses of observational studies and randomised controlled trials, on dairy intake and risk of obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, cancer, and all-cause mortality. Results : The most recent evidence suggested that intake of milk and dairy products was associated with reduced risk of childhood obesity. In adults, intake of dairy products was shown to improve body composition and facilitate weight loss during energy restriction. In addition, intake of milk and dairy products was associated with a neutral or reduced risk of type 2 diabetes and a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, particularly stroke. Furthermore, the evidence suggested a beneficial effect of milk and dairy intake on bone mineral density but no association with risk of bone fracture. Among cancers, milk and dairy intake was inversely associated with colorectal cancer, bladder cancer, gastric cancer, and breast cancer, and not associated with risk of pancreatic cancer, ovarian cancer, or lung cancer, while the evidence for prostate cancer risk was inconsistent. Finally, consumption of milk and dairy products was not associated with all-cause mortality. Calcium-fortified plant-based drinks have been included as an alternative to dairy products in the nutrition recommendations in several countries. However, nutritionally, cow’s milk and plant-based drinks are completely different foods, and an evidence-based conclusion on the health value of the plant-based drinks requires more studies in humans. Conclusion : The totality of available scientific evidence supports that intake of milk and dairy products contribute to meet nutrient recommendations, and may protect against the most prevalent chronic diseases, whereas very few adverse effects have been reported. Keywords: obesity; type 2 diabetes; cardiovascular disease; osteoporosis; cancer; mortality (Published: 22 November 2016) Citation: Food & Nutrition Research 2016, 60: 32527 - http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/fnr.v60.32527 |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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