Determination of Major Endogenous FAHFAs in Healthy Human Circulation: The Correlations with Several Circulating Cardiovascular-Related Biomarkers and Anti-Inflammatory Effects on RAW 264.7 Cells
| Autor: | Chin-Hung Liu, Akhsholphan Byekyet, Sheau-Chung Tang, Rachmad Anres Dongoran, Tsung-Jen Lin, Jen-Hung Yang |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Lipopolysaccharides lcsh:QR1-502 Anti-Inflammatory Agents Trimethylamine Endogeny 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology Biochemistry lcsh:Microbiology Fatty Acids Monounsaturated 9-OAHSA chemistry.chemical_compound Mice 9-POHSA 0302 clinical medicine Risk Factors FAHFAs cardiovascular disease Palmitoleic acid Prospective Studies RAW 264.7 Cells anti-inflammatory chemistry.chemical_classification Fatty Acids Healthy subjects Esters Middle Aged Cardiovascular Diseases SAH Calibration Cytokines Stearic Acids Adult medicine.medical_specialty medicine.drug_class TMAO Anti-inflammatory Article 03 medical and health sciences Internal medicine Carnitine medicine Animals Humans Molecular Biology Aged Fatty acid l-carnitine Oleic acid 030104 developmental biology Endocrinology chemistry Biomarkers |
| Zdroj: | Biomolecules Biomolecules, Vol 10, Iss 1689, p 1689 (2020) Volume 10 Issue 12 |
| ISSN: | 2218-273X |
| Popis: | Fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) are newly discovered long-chain fatty acids. However, the major endogenous FAHFAs in healthy human circulation, their correlation with cardiovascular (CV) biomarkers, and their anti-inflammatory effects have not been investigated and remain unclear. In the present study, a total of 57 healthy subjects were recruited. Liquid chromatography&ndash mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was developed for the simultaneous determination of seven FAHFAs, four long-chain fatty acids, and four non-traditional circulating CV-related biomarkers. We found two major types of FAHFAs in healthy human circulation, palmitoleic acid ester of 9-hydroxystearic acid (9-POHSA), and oleic acid ester of 9-hydroxystearic acid (9-OAHSA). Both 9-POHSA and 9-OAHSA had a strong positive correlation with each other and were negatively correlated with fasting blood glucose, S-adenosyl-l-homocysteine (SAH), and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), but not with l-homocysteine. 9-POHSA was also positively correlated with l-carnitine. Moreover, we confirmed that both 9-POHSA and 9-OAHSA exhibited an anti-inflammatory effect by suppressing LPS stimulated cytokines, including IL-1&beta and IL-6 in RAW 264.7 cells. In addition, palmitoleic acid also had a positive correlation with 9-POHSA and 9-OAHSA. As far as we know, this is the first report showing the major endogenous FAHFAs in healthy subjects and their CV protection potential which might be correlated with SAH and TMAO reduction, l-Carnitine elevation, and their anti-inflammatory effects. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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