Identification of refractory zirconia from catalytic converters in dust: An emerging pollutant in urban environments
| Autor: | Rodolfo Ruiz-Torres, Francisco Martín Romero, Mónica Acosta-Elías, Belem González-Grijalva, Benedetto Schiavo, Sofía Navarro-Espinoza, Abraham Mendoza-Córdova, Diana Meza-Figueroa, Martín Pedroza-Montero, Agustin Robles-Morua, M. Barboza-Flores |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Environmental Engineering
Photoluminescence Materials science 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences Scanning electron microscope Sintering chemistry.chemical_element 010501 environmental sciences 01 natural sciences Pollution law.invention Cerium symbols.namesake chemistry Chemical engineering law Catalytic converter symbols Environmental Chemistry Cubic zirconia Raman spectroscopy Spectroscopy Waste Management and Disposal 0105 earth and related environmental sciences |
| Zdroj: | The Science of the total environment. 760 |
| ISSN: | 1879-1026 |
| Popis: | Using catalytic converters is one of the most effective methods to control vehicle emissions. A washcoat of cerium oxide-zirconia (CeO2–ZrO2) has been used to enhance the performance of the catalytic converter device. To date, the prevalence of this material in the environment has not been assessed. In this study, we present evidence of the existence of inhalable zirconia in urban dust. Samples of the washcoat, exhaust pipe, topsoil, and road dust were analyzed by X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, and thermally stimulated luminescence (TSL). The results showed a CeO2–ZrO2 phase separation after sintering. This causes the emission of ZrO2, CeO2, and CeZrOx particles smaller than 1 μm, which can likely reach the alveolar macrophages in the lungs. The Ce-Zr content in road dust exceeds geogenic levels, and a significant correlation of 0.87 (p |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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