PRC2 is high maintenance
| Autor: | Chul Hwan Lee, Jia Ray Yu, Ozgur Oksuz, James M. Stafford, Danny Reinberg |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Cell division
Mutant macromolecular substances Epigenesis Genetic 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Neoplasms Gene expression Genetics Animals Humans Epigenetics Gene 030304 developmental biology Special Section: Review 0303 health sciences biology Research Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 Chromatin Cell biology Protein Transport Histone Gene Expression Regulation 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis Mutation biology.protein PRC2 Developmental Biology |
| Popis: | As the process that silences gene expression ensues during development, the stage is set for the activity of Polycomb-repressive complex 2 (PRC2) to maintain these repressed gene profiles. PRC2 catalyzes a specific histone posttranslational modification (hPTM) that fosters chromatin compaction. PRC2 also facilitates the inheritance of this hPTM through its self-contained “write and read” activities, key to preserving cellular identity during cell division. As these changes in gene expression occur without changes in DNA sequence and are inherited, the process is epigenetic in scope. Mutants of mammalian PRC2 or of its histone substrate contribute to the cancer process and other diseases, and research into these aberrant pathways is yielding viable candidates for therapeutic targeting. The effectiveness of PRC2 hinges on its being recruited to the proper chromatin sites; however, resolving the determinants to this process in the mammalian case was not straightforward and thus piqued the interest of many in the field. Here, we chronicle the latest advances toward exposing mammalian PRC2 and its high maintenance. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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