Poisoning substances taken by young people: a population-based cohort study
| Autor: | Elizabeth Orton, Kapil Sayal, Edward G Tyrrell, Denise Kendrick |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Health Knowledge Attitudes Practice Adolescent General Practice Poison control Suicide prevention Occupational safety and health Cohort Studies Young Adult 03 medical and health sciences Self-harm poisoning young people general practice 0302 clinical medicine Read codes Injury prevention Humans Medicine 030212 general & internal medicine Young adult Child Physician's Role education Health Education Acetaminophen education.field_of_study Ethanol business.industry Incidence Incidence (epidemiology) Antidepressive Agents Analgesics Opioid England Population Surveillance Female Family Practice business Self-Injurious Behavior 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Demography Cohort study |
| Zdroj: | British Journal of General Practice. 68:e703-e710 |
| ISSN: | 1478-5242 0960-1643 |
| Popis: | BackgroundGlobally, poisonings account for most medically-attended self-harm. Recent data on poisoning substances are lacking, but are needed to inform self-harm prevention.AimTo assess poisoning substance patterns and trends among 10–24-year-olds across EnglandDesign and settingOpen cohort study of 1 736 527 young people, using linked Clinical Practice Research Datalink, Hospital Episode Statistics, and Office for National Statistics mortality data, from 1998 to 2014.MethodPoisoning substances were identified by ICD-10 or Read Codes. Incidence rates and adjusted incidence rate ratios (aIRR) were calculated for poisoning substances by age, sex, index of multiple deprivation, and calendar year.ResultsIn total, 40 333 poisoning episodes were identified, with 57.8% specifying the substances involved. The most common substances were paracetamol (39.8%), alcohol (32.7%), non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (11.6%), antidepressants (10.2%), and opioids (7.6%). Poisoning rates were highest at ages 16–18 years for females and 19–24 years for males. Opioid poisonings increased fivefold from 1998–2014 (females: aIRR 5.30, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 4.08 to 6.89; males: aIRR 5.11, 95% CI = 3.37 to 7.76), antidepressant poisonings three-to fourfold (females: aIRR 3.91, 95% CI = 3.18 to 4.80, males: aIRR 2.70, 95% CI = 2.04 to 3.58), aspirin/NSAID poisonings threefold (females: aIRR 2.84, 95% CI = 2.40 to 3.36, males: aIRR 2.76, 95% CI = 2.05 to 3.72) and paracetamol poisonings threefold in females (aIRR 2.87, 95% CI = 2.58 to 3.20). Across all substances poisoning incidence was higher in more disadvantaged groups, with the strongest gradient for opioid poisonings among males (aIRR 3.46, 95% CI = 2.24 to 5.36).ConclusionIt is important that GPs raise awareness with families of the substances young people use to self-harm, especially the common use of over-the-counter medications. Quantities of medication prescribed to young people at risk of self-harm and their families should be limited, particularly analgesics and antidepressants. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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