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Wenting Gong,1,* Wen Tang,2,* Lan Luo,3 Furong Zhang,1 Chenyang Cai,1 Jiangyan Zhang,1 Xiaolin Wu,4 Jianping Shang,4 Xiaolan Shu,2 Ting Wang,5 Danna Tu,6 Zhengjiang Jin,7,* Ronghao Zheng4,* 1Department of pharmacy, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Peopleâs Republic of China; 2Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Peopleâs Republic of China; 3Department of Child Health, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Peopleâs Republic of China; 4Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Rheumatology, and Immunology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Peopleâs Republic of China; 5Department of Pediatric Neurology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Peopleâs Republic of China; 6Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Peopleâs Republic of China; 7Department of Clinical Laboratory, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Peopleâs Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Ronghao Zheng, Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Rheumatology, and Immunology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 745 Wu luo Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, Peopleâs Republic of China, Tel +86 02787169267, Email hytwo2001@126.com Zhengjiang Jin, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 745 Wu luo Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, Peopleâs Republic of China, Email king199735@126.comPurpose: To explore the trends and correlation between antibiotics consumption and antimicrobial resistance in children in a specialist hospital from 2016â 2021 in China.Patients and Methods: This retrospective study investigated data on the consumption of antibiotics and antimicrobial resistance in children. Antibiotics consumption was expressed as defined daily doses (DDDs)/1000 patient-days based on the Guidelines for Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical. The trends in antibiotics consumption and antimicrobial resistance rates were analyzed by linear regression, while Spearman correlation analysis was employed to evaluate their correlations.Results: An increasing trend in the annual consumption of carbapenems and monobactams was detected (all P< 0.05). A significant upward trend was detected in the annual resistance rates of Enterococcus faecium to ciprofloxacin, Streptococcus pneumonia to ceftriaxone, Acinetobacter baumannii to carbapenems, Enterobacter cloacae to carbapenems, Pseudomonas aeruginosa to ceftazidime, and Escherichia coli to cefepime, while the annual resistance rates of Escherichia coli to carbapenems had a significant downward trend (all P< 0.05). The consumption of cephalosporin/β-lactamase inhibitor (C/BLI) combinations and carbapenems had significant positive correlations with the resistance rates of Acinetobacter baumannii to carbapenems (r=0.763, P< 0.001; r=0.806, P< 0.001), Enterobacter cloacae to carbapenems (r=0.675, P< 0.001; r=0.417, P=0.043), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa to ceftazidime (r=0.625, P=0.001; r=0.753, P< 0.001), respectively. Also, increasing consumption of monobactams was related to the upward resistance rates of Acinetobacter baumannii to carbapenems (r=0.557, P=0.005) and Enterobacter cloacae to carbapenems (r=0.507, P= 0.011).Conclusion: This study demonstrated significant positive associations between antibiotics consumption and specific antimicrobial resistance rates. The current findings pointed out some directions to pursue in controlling the prevalence of certain resistant bacterial strains in children.Keywords: antibiotic consumption, antimicrobial resistance, correlation, children |
