Precision Nutrition and the Microbiome Part II: Potential Opportunities and Pathways to Commercialisation
| Autor: | R. Paul Ross, Keith A. Grimaldi, Graeme J. Smith, Jonathan A. Lane, Catherine Stanton, Susan Mills |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Dietary Fiber
Male 0301 basic medicine Gerontology Psychological intervention Metabolic disease gut microbiome Review Disease Gut flora Overnutrition Gut genetics precision nutrition Nutrition and Dietetics biology Age Factors Personalised nutrition metabolic disease Intestines personalised nutrition Host-Pathogen Interactions gut Female lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply Nutritional Status lcsh:TX341-641 digestive system 03 medical and health sciences Life Expectancy Genetics medicine Animals Humans Microbiome Gut microbiome 030109 nutrition & dietetics Bacteria business.industry Probiotics Malnutrition Immunity Precision nutrition medicine.disease biology.organism_classification immunity Gastrointestinal Microbiome Biomarker Prebiotics 030104 developmental biology Health promotion probiotics business prebiotics Food Science |
| Zdroj: | Nutrients, Vol 11, Iss 7, p 1468 (2019) Nutrients |
| ISSN: | 2072-6643 |
| Popis: | Modulation of the human gut microbiota through probiotics, prebiotics and dietary fibre are recognised strategies to improve health and prevent disease. Yet we are only beginning to understand the impact of these interventions on the gut microbiota and the physiological consequences for the human host, thus forging the way towards evidence-based scientific validation. However, in many studies a percentage of participants can be defined as ‘non-responders’ and scientists are beginning to unravel what differentiates these from ‘responders;’ and it is now clear that an individual’s baseline microbiota can influence an individual’s response. Thus, microbiome composition can potentially serve as a biomarker to predict responsiveness to interventions, diets and dietary components enabling greater opportunities for its use towards disease prevention and health promotion. In Part I of this two-part review, we reviewed the current state of the science in terms of the gut microbiota and the role of diet and dietary components in shaping it and subsequent consequences for human health. In Part II, we examine the efficacy of gut-microbiota modulating therapies at different life stages and their potential to aid in the management of undernutrition and overnutrition. Given the significance of an individual’s gut microbiota, we investigate the feasibility of microbiome testing and we discuss guidelines for evaluating the scientific validity of evidence for providing personalised microbiome-based dietary advice. Overall, this review highlights the potential value of the microbiome to prevent disease and maintain or promote health and in doing so, paves the pathway towards commercialisation. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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