The number of tree species on Earth
| Autor: | Roberto Cazzolla Gatti, Peter B. Reich, Javier G. P. Gamarra, Tom Crowther, Cang Hui, Albert Morera, Jean-Francois Bastin, Sergio de-Miguel, Gert-Jan Nabuurs, Jens-Christian Svenning, Josep M. Serra-Diaz, Cory Merow, Brian Enquist, Maria Kamenetsky, Junho Lee, Jun Zhu, Jinyun Fang, Douglass F. Jacobs, Bryan Pijanowski, Arindam Banerjee, Robert A. Giaquinto, Giorgio Alberti, Angelica Maria Almeyda Zambrano, Esteban Alvarez-Davila, Alejandro Araujo-Murakami, Valerio Avitabile, Gerardo A. Aymard, Radomir Balazy, Chris Baraloto, Jorcely G. Barroso, Meredith L. Bastian, Philippe Birnbaum, Robert Bitariho, Jan Bogaert, Frans Bongers, Olivier Bouriaud, Pedro H. S. Brancalion, Francis Q. Brearley, Eben North Broadbent, Filippo Bussotti, Wendeson Castro da Silva, Ricardo Gomes César, Goran Češljar, Víctor Chama Moscoso, Han Y. H. Chen, Emil Cienciala, Connie J. Clark, David A. Coomes, Selvadurai Dayanandan, Mathieu Decuyper, Laura E. Dee, Jhon Del Aguila Pasquel, Géraldine Derroire, Marie Noel Kamdem Djuikouo, Tran Van Do, Jiri Dolezal, Ilija Đ. Đorđević, Julien Engel, Tom M. Fayle, Ted R. Feldpausch, Jonas K. Fridman, David J. Harris, Andreas Hemp, Geerten Hengeveld, Bruno Herault, Martin Herold, Thomas Ibanez, Andrzej M. Jagodzinski, Bogdan Jaroszewicz, Kathryn J. Jeffery, Vivian Kvist Johannsen, Tommaso Jucker, Ahto Kangur, Victor N. Karminov, Kuswata Kartawinata, Deborah K. Kennard, Sebastian Kepfer-Rojas, Gunnar Keppel, Mohammed Latif Khan, Pramod Kumar Khare, Timothy J. Kileen, Hyun Seok Kim, Henn Korjus, Amit Kumar, Ashwani Kumar, Diana Laarmann, Nicolas Labrière, Mait Lang, Simon L. Lewis, Natalia Lukina, Brian S. Maitner, Yadvinder Malhi, Andrew R. Marshall, Olga V. Martynenko, Abel L. Monteagudo Mendoza, Petr V. Ontikov, Edgar Ortiz-Malavasi, Nadir C. Pallqui Camacho, Alain Paquette, Minjee Park, Narayanaswamy Parthasarathy, Pablo Luis Peri, Pascal Petronelli, Sebastian Pfautsch, Oliver L. Phillips, Nicolas Picard, Daniel Piotto, Lourens Poorter, John R. Poulsen, Hans Pretzsch, Hirma Ramírez-Angulo, Zorayda Restrepo Correa, Mirco Rodeghiero, Rocío Del Pilar Rojas Gonzáles, Samir G. Rolim, Francesco Rovero, Ervan Rutishauser, Purabi Saikia, Christian Salas-Eljatib, Dmitry Schepaschenko, Michael Scherer-Lorenzen, Vladimír Šebeň, Marcos Silveira, Ferry Slik, Bonaventure Sonké, Alexandre F. Souza, Krzysztof Jan Stereńczak, Miroslav Svoboda, Hermann Taedoumg, Nadja Tchebakova, John Terborgh, Elena Tikhonova, Armando Torres-Lezama, Fons van der Plas, Rodolfo Vásquez, Helder Viana, Alexander C. Vibrans, Emilio Vilanova, Vincent A. Vos, Hua-Feng Wang, Bertil Westerlund, Lee J. T. White, Susan K. Wiser, Tomasz Zawiła-Niedźwiecki, Lise Zemagho, Zhi-Xin Zhu, Irié C. Zo-Bi, Jingjing Liang |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Cazzolla Gatti, Roberto, Reich, Peter B, Gamarra, Javier GP, Crowther, Tom, Keppel, Gunnar, Liang, Jingjing, Cazzolla Gatti R., Reich P.B., Gamarra J.G.P., Crowther T., Hui C., Morera A., Bastin J.-F., de-Miguel S., Nabuurs G.-J., Svenning J.-C., Serra-Diaz J.M., Merow C., Enquist B., Kamenetsky M., Lee J., Zhu J., Fang J., Jacobs D.F., Pijanowski B., Banerjee A., Giaquinto R.A., Alberti G., Almeyda Zambrano A.M., Alvarez-Davila E., Araujo-Murakami A., Avitabile V., Aymard G.A., Balazy R., Baraloto C., Barroso J.G., Bastian M.L., Birnbaum P., Bitariho R., Bogaert J., Bongers F., Bouriaud O., Brancalion P.H.S., Brearley F.Q., Broadbent E.N., Bussotti F., Castro da Silva W., Cesar R.G., Cesljar G., Chama Moscoso V., Chen H.Y.H., Cienciala E., Clark C.J., Coomes D.A., Dayanandan S., Decuyper M., Dee L.E., Del Aguila Pasquel J., Derroire G., Djuikouo M.N.K., Van Do T., Dolezal J., Dordevic I.D., Engel J., Fayle T.M., Feldpausch T.R., Fridman J.K., Harris D.J., Hemp A., Hengeveld G., Herault B., Herold M., Ibanez T., Jagodzinski A.M., Jaroszewicz B., Jeffery K.J., Johannsen V.K., Jucker T., Kangur A., Karminov V.N., Kartawinata K., Kennard D.K., Kepfer-Rojas S., Keppel G., Khan M.L., Khare P.K., Kileen T.J., Kim H.S., Korjus H., Kumar A., Laarmann D., Labriere N., Lang M., Lewis S.L., Lukina N., Maitner B.S., Malhi Y., Marshall A.R., Martynenko O.V., Monteagudo Mendoza A.L., Ontikov P.V., Ortiz-Malavasi E., Pallqui Camacho N.C., Paquette A., Park M., Parthasarathy N., Peri P.L., Petronelli P., Pfautsch S., Phillips O.L., Picard N., Piotto D., Poorter L., Poulsen J.R., Pretzsch H., Ramirez-Angulo H., Restrepo Correa Z., Rodeghiero M., Rojas Gonzales R.D.P., Rolim S.G., Rovero F., Rutishauser E., Saikia P., Salas-Eljatib C., Schepaschenko D., Scherer-Lorenzen M., Seben V., Silveira M., Slik F., Sonke B., Souza A.F., Sterenczak K.J., Svoboda M., Taedoumg H., Tchebakova N., Terborgh J., Tikhonova E., Torres-Lezama A., van der Plas F., Vasquez R., Viana H., Vibrans A.C., Vilanova E., Vos V.A., Wang H.-F., Westerlund B., White L.J.T., Wiser S.K., Zawila-Niedzwiecki T., Zemagho L., Zhu Z.-X., Zo-Bi I.C., Liang J., Purdue University [West Lafayette], University of Wisconsin-Madison, FAO Forestry, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations [Rome, Italie] (FAO), SILVA (SILVA), AgroParisTech-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Département Systèmes Biologiques (Cirad-BIOS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Nouvelle-Calédonie]), Cazzolla Gatti, Roberto [0000-0001-5130-8492], Reich, Peter B [0000-0003-4424-662X], Hui, Cang [0000-0002-3660-8160], Morera, Albert [0000-0002-6777-169X], de-Miguel, Sergio [0000-0002-9738-0657], Svenning, Jens-Christian [0000-0002-3415-0862], Serra-Diaz, Josep M [0000-0003-1988-1154], Alberti, Giorgio [0000-0003-2422-3009], Bongers, Frans [0000-0002-8431-6189], Bouriaud, Olivier [0000-0002-8046-466X], Brancalion, Pedro HS [0000-0001-8245-4062], César, Ricardo Gomes [0000-0002-3392-8089], Chen, Han YH [0000-0001-9477-5541], Cienciala, Emil [0000-0002-1254-4254], Coomes, David [0000-0002-8261-2582], Djuikouo, Marie Noel Kamdem [0000-0003-0064-5151], Van Do, Tran [0000-0001-9059-5842], Feldpausch, Ted R [0000-0002-6631-7962], Jaroszewicz, Bogdan [0000-0002-2042-8245], Jeffery, Kathryn J [0000-0002-2632-0008], Kennard, Deborah K [0000-0003-4842-8260], Kim, Hyun Seok [0000-0002-3440-6071], Labrière, Nicolas [0000-0002-8037-2001], Maitner, Brian S [0000-0002-2118-9880], Malhi, Yadvinder [0000-0002-3503-4783], Peri, Pablo Luis [0000-0002-5398-4408], Phillips, Oliver L [0000-0002-8993-6168], Poorter, Lourens [0000-0003-1391-4875], Poulsen, John R [0000-0002-1532-9808], Salas-Eljatib, Christian [0000-0002-8468-0829], Schepaschenko, Dmitry [0000-0002-7814-4990], Silveira, Marcos [0000-0003-0485-7872], Slik, Ferry [0000-0003-3988-7019], Sonké, Bonaventure [0000-0002-4310-3603], Terborgh, John [0000-0003-1853-8311], Wiser, Susan K [0000-0002-8938-8181], Liang, Jingjing [0000-0001-9439-9320], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Coomes, David A [0000-0002-8261-2582] |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2022 |
| Předmět: |
Cambios Antropogénicos
Richness SAMPLE Earth Planet Rarity Bos- en Landschapsecologie DIVERSITY Forests [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics Phylogenetics and taxonomy Trees forest Bioma Laboratory of Geo-information Science and Remote Sensing Biome espèce (taxon) HETEROGENEITY Forest and Landscape Ecology Forest Biodiversity hyperdominance Riqueza de Especies Ecosystem Services biodiversity forests hyperdominance rarity richness biodiversity Multidisciplinary Hyperdominance Overall Scale F70 - Taxonomie végétale et phytogéographie Biodiversity [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics Écologie des populations PE&RC COVERAGE Boscos i silvicultura Biometris Forest Ecosystems ABUNDANCE Anthropogenic Changes Vegetatie Bos- en Landschapsecologie Biodiversité леса Conservation of Natural Resources F40 - Écologie végétale Servicios de los Ecosistemas Vulnerability ECOLOGIA DE POPULAÇÕES Arbre ECOLOGY Biodiversidad forests rarity richness Ecosistemas Forestales [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/Ecosystems COMPLETENESS Árboles Settore BIO/07 - ECOLOGIA Richness Species Bosecologie en Bosbeheer Laboratorium voor Geo-informatiekunde en Remote Sensing K70 - Dégâts causés aux forêts et leur protection Biodiversidad Forestal Escala Global Vegetatie деревья Vegetation Forest Ecology and Forest Management biodiversité forestière биоразнообразие PATTERNS Vegetation Forest and Landscape Ecology [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology Vulnerabilidad |
| Zdroj: | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 119(6) Repositorio Abierto de la UdL Universitad de Lleida Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2022, 119 (6), pp.e2115329119. ⟨10.1073/pnas.2115329119⟩ Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 119 (2022) 6 PNAS 119 (6) : e2115329119 (2022) INTA Digital (INTA) Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria instacron:INTA Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2022. Vol. 119, № 6. P. e2115329119 (1-11) 2022, ' The number of tree species on Earth ', Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 119, no. 6, e2115329119 . https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2115329119 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 119 (6) Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS) Cazzolla Gatti, R, Reich, P B, Gamarra, J G P, Crowther, T, Hui, C, Morera, A, Bastin, J F, de-Miguel, S, Nabuurs, G J, Svenning, J C, Serra-Diaz, J M, Merow, C, Enquist, B, Kamenetsky, M, Lee, J, Zhu, J, Fang, J, Jacobs, D F, Pijanowski, B, Banerjee, A, Giaquinto, R A, Alberti, G, Almeyda Zambrano, A M, Alvarez-Davila, E, Araujo-Murakami, A, Avitabile, V, Aymard, G A, Balazy, R, Baraloto, C, Barroso, J G, Bastian, M L, Birnbaum, P, Bitariho, R, Bogaert, J, Bongers, F, Bouriaud, O, Brancalion, P H S, Brearley, F Q, Broadbent, E N, Bussotti, F, Castro da Silva, W, César, R G, Češljar, G, Chama Moscoso, V, Chen, H Y H, Cienciala, E, Clark, C J, Coomes, D A, Dayanandan, S & Decuyper, M 2022, ' The number of tree species on Earth ', Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 119, no. 6, e2115329119 . https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2115329119 Cazzolla Gatti, R, Reich, P B, Gamarra, J G P, Crowther, T, Hui, C, Morera, A, Bastin, J F, de-Miguel, S, Nabuurs, G J, Svenning, J C, Serra-Diaz, J M, Merow, C, Enquist, B, Kamenetsky, M, Lee, J, Zhu, J, Fang, J, Jacobs, D F, Pijanowski, B, Banerjee, A, Giaquinto, R A, Alberti, G, Almeyda Zambrano, A M, Alvarez-Davila, E, Araujo-Murakami, A, Avitabile, V, Aymard, G A, Balazy, R, Baraloto, C, Barroso, J G, Bastian, M L, Birnbaum, P, Bitariho, R, Bogaert, J, Bongers, F, Bouriaud, O, Brancalion, P H S, Brearley, F Q, Broadbent, E N, Bussotti, F, Castro da Silva, W, César, R G, Češljar, G, Chama Moscoso, V, Chen, H Y H, Cienciala, E, Clark, C J, Coomes, D A, Dayanandan, S, Decuyper, M, Dee, L E, Del Aguila Pasquel, J, Derroire, G, Djuikouo, M N K, Van Do, T, Dolezal, J, Đorđević, I, Engel, J, Fayle, T M, Feldpausch, T R, Fridman, J K, Harris, D J, Hemp, A, Hengeveld, G, Herault, B, Herold, M, Ibanez, T, Jagodzinski, A M, Jaroszewicz, B, Jeffery, K J, Johannsen, V K, Jucker, T, Kangur, A, Karminov, V N, Kartawinata, K, Kennard, D K, Kepfer-Rojas, S, Keppel, G, Khan, M L, Khare, P K, Kileen, T J, Kim, H S, Korjus, H, Kumar, A, Kumar, A, Laarmann, D, Labrière, N, Lang, M, Lewis, S L, Lukina, N, Maitner, B S, Malhi, Y, Marshall, A R, Martynenko, O V, Monteagudo Mendoza, A L, Ontikov, P V, Ortiz-Malavasi, E, Pallqui Camacho, N C, Paquette, A, Park, M, Parthasarathy, N, Peri, P L, Petronelli, P, Pfautsch, S, Phillips, O L, Picard, N, Piotto, D, Poorter, L, Poulsen, J R, Pretzsch, H, Ramírez-Angulo, H, Restrepo Correa, Z, Rodeghiero, M, Rojas Gonzáles, R D P, Rolim, S G, Rovero, F, Rutishauser, E, Saikia, P, Salas-Eljatib, C, Schepaschenko, D, Scherer-Lorenzen, M, Šebeň, V, Silveira, M, Slik, F, Sonké, B, Souza, A F, Stereńczak, K J, Svoboda, M, Taedoumg, H, Tchebakova, N, Terborgh, J, Tikhonova, E, Torres-Lezama, A, van der Plas, F, Vásquez, R, Viana, H, Vibrans, A C, Vilanova, E, Vos, V A, Wang, H F, Westerlund, B, White, L J T, Wiser, S K, Zawiła-Niedźwiecki, T, Zemagho, L, Zhu, Z X, Zo-Bi, I C & Liang, J 2022, ' The number of tree species on Earth ', Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 119, no. 6, e2115329119 . https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2115329119 Repositório Institucional da USP (Biblioteca Digital da Produção Intelectual) Universidade de São Paulo (USP) instacron:USP |
| ISSN: | 0027-8424 1091-6490 |
| Popis: | One of the most fundamental questions in ecology is how many species inhabit the Earth. However, due to massive logistical and financial challenges and taxonomic difficulties connected to the species concept definition, the global numbers of species, including those of important and well-studied life forms such as trees, still remain largely unknown. Here, based on global ground-sourced data, we estimate the total tree species richness at global, continental, and biome levels. Our results indicate that there are ∼73,000 tree species globally, among which ∼9,000 tree species are yet to be discovered. Roughly 40% of undiscovered tree species are in South America. Moreover, almost one-third of all tree species to be discovered may be rare, with very low populations and limited spatial distribution (likely in remote tropical lowlands and mountains). These findings highlight the vulnerability of global forest biodiversity to anthropogenic changes in land use and climate, which disproportionately threaten rare species and thus, global tree richness. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 119 (6) ISSN:0027-8424 ISSN:1091-6490 |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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