Functional understanding of secondary cell wall cellulose synthases in Populus trichocarpa via the Cas9/gRNA‐induced gene knockouts
| Autor: | Yuxiang Cheng, Liqiang Mu, Baocai Zhang, Shenquan Cao, Huanhuan Ji, Hao Cheng, Guimin Tong, Chong Wang, Wenjing Xu, Siran Zhu, Cheng Zhen, Jiyao Cheng, Yihua Zhou |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine Populus trichocarpa Physiology gRNA Mutant Plant Science Polysaccharide 01 natural sciences gene knockout Gene Knockout Techniques gelatinous layer (G‐layer) 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Cell Wall Cellulose Cas9 phloem fibre cellulose synthase (CesA) Gene knockout chemistry.chemical_classification Full Paper biology Research Full Papers biology.organism_classification Wood Cell biology Populus 030104 developmental biology tension wood chemistry Glucosyltransferases secondary cell wall (SCW) Bast fibre Phloem CRISPR-Cas Systems Secondary cell wall RNA Guide Kinetoplastida 010606 plant biology & botany |
| Zdroj: | The New Phytologist |
| ISSN: | 1469-8137 0028-646X |
| Popis: | Summary Plant cellulose is synthesized by a large plasma membrane‐localized cellulose synthase (CesA) complex. However, an overall functional determination of secondary cell wall (SCW) CesAs is still lacking in trees, especially one based on gene knockouts.Here, the Cas9/gRNA‐induced knockouts of PtrCesA4, 7A, 7B, 8A and 8B genes were produced in Populus trichocarpa. Based on anatomical, immunohistochemical and wood composition evidence, we gained a comprehensive understanding of five SCW PtrCesAs at the genetic level.Complete loss of PtrCesA4, 7A/B or 8A/B led to similar morphological abnormalities, indicating similar and nonredundant genetic functions. The absence of the gelatinous (G) layer, one‐layer‐walled fibres and a 90% decrease in cellulose in these mutant woods revealed that the three classes of SCW PtrCesAs are essential for multilayered SCW structure and wood G‐fibre. In addition, the mutant primary and secondary phloem fibres lost the n(G + L)‐ and G‐layers and retained the thicker S‐layers (L, lignified; S, secondary). Together with polysaccharide immunolocalization data, these findings suggest differences in the role of SCW PtrCesAs‐synthesized cellulose in wood and phloem fibre wall structures.Overall, this functional understanding of the SCW PtrCesAs provides further insights into the impact of lacking cellulose biosynthesis on growth, SCW, wood G‐fibre and phloem fibre wall structures in the tree. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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