Secondary Cases of Invasive Disease Caused by Encapsulated and Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae — 10 U.S. Jurisdictions, 2011–2018
| Autor: | Oliver, Sara E, Rubis, Amy B, Soeters, Heidi M, Reingold, Arthur, Barnes, Meghan, Petit, Susan, Moore, Ashley E, Harrison, Lee H, Lynfield, Ruth, Angeles, Kathy M, Burzlaff, Kari E, Thomas, Ann, Schaffner, William, Marjuki, Henju, Wang, Xin, Hariri, Susan |
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| Rok vydání: | 2023 |
| Předmět: |
Pediatric
Haemophilus Infections Health (social science) Epidemiology Incidence Prevention Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis Infant General Medicine Serogroup Haemophilus influenzae United States Anti-Bacterial Agents Vaccine Related Infectious Diseases Good Health and Well Being Health Information Management Clinical Research General & Internal Medicine Humans Immunization Infection Haemophilus Vaccines |
| Zdroj: | MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report, vol 72, iss 15 |
| ISSN: | 1545-861X 0149-2195 |
| Popis: | Haemophilus influenzae (Hi) can cause meningitis and other serious invasive disease. Encapsulated Hi is classified into six serotypes (a-f) based on chemical composition of the polysaccharide capsule; unencapsulated strains are termed nontypeable Hi (NTHi). Hi serotype b (Hib) was the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in children in the pre-Hib vaccine era, and secondary transmission of Hi among children (e.g., to household contacts and in child care facilities) (1,2) led to the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommendation for antibiotic chemoprophylaxis to prevent Hib disease in certain circumstances.* High Hib vaccination coverage since the 1990s has substantially reduced Hib disease, and other serotypes now account for most Hi-associated invasive disease in the United States (3). Nevertheless, CDC does not currently recommend chemoprophylaxis for contacts of persons with invasive disease caused by serotypes other than Hib and by NTHi (non-b Hi). Given this changing epidemiology, U.S. surveillance data were reviewed to investigate secondary cases of invasive disease caused by Hi. The estimated prevalence of secondary transmission was 0.32% among persons with encapsulated Hi disease (≤60 days of one another) and 0.12% among persons with NTHi disease (≤14 days of one another). Isolates from all Hi case pairs were genetically closely related, and all patients with potential secondary infection had underlying medical conditions. These results strongly suggest that secondary transmission of non-b Hi occurs. Expansion of Hi chemoprophylaxis recommendations might be warranted to control invasive Hi disease in certain populations in the United States, but further analysis is needed to evaluate the potential benefits against the risks, such as increased antibiotic use. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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