Thresholds of polarization vision in octopuses
Autor: | Shelby E. Temple, N. Justin Marshall, Viktor Gruev, Nicholas W. Roberts, Martin J. How, Samuel B. Powell |
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Rok vydání: | 2020 |
Předmět: |
Sensory ecology
Light Physiology Just-noticeable difference Computer science 030310 physiology Degree of linear polarization Octopodiformes Polarimetry Adaptation (eye) Aquatic Science Cephalopod 03 medical and health sciences Looming Crustacea Animals Molecular Biology Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics Vision Ocular 030304 developmental biology 0303 health sciences Just-noticeable-difference Linear polarization business.industry Pattern recognition Polarization (waves) Visual field Insect Science Animal Science and Zoology Artificial intelligence business Research Article |
Zdroj: | The Journal of Experimental Biology article-version (VoR) Version of Record |
ISSN: | 1477-9145 |
Popis: | Polarization vision is widespread in nature, mainly among invertebrates, and is used for a range of tasks including navigation, habitat localization and communication. In marine environments, some species such as those from the Crustacea and Cephalopoda that are principally monochromatic, have evolved to use this adaptation to discriminate objects across the whole visual field, an ability similar to our own use of colour vision. The performance of these polarization vision systems varies, and the few cephalopod species tested so far have notably acute thresholds of discrimination. However, most studies to date have used artificial sources of polarized light that produce levels of polarization much higher than found in nature. In this study, the ability of octopuses to detect polarization contrasts varying in angle of polarization (AoP) was investigated over a range of different degrees of linear polarization (DoLP) to better judge their visual ability in more ecologically relevant conditions. The ‘just-noticeable-differences’ (JND) of AoP contrasts varied consistently with DoLP. These JND thresholds could be largely explained by their ‘polarization distance’, a neurophysical model that effectively calculates the level of activity in opposing horizontally and vertically oriented polarization channels in the cephalopod visual system. Imaging polarimetry from the animals’ natural environment was then used to illustrate the functional advantage that these polarization thresholds may confer in behaviourally relevant contexts. Summary: Octopuses are highly sensitive to small changes in the angle of polarization ( |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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