Identification and expression of a novel transcript of the growth and differentiation factor-11 gene
| Autor: | Christopher D. McMahon, Jenny M. Oldham, Nauman J. Maqbool, Alex Hennebry, Ferenc Jeanplong, Shelley J. Falconer, Mark Thomas |
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| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
Male
DNA Complementary Molecular Sequence Data Clinical Biochemistry Sequence Homology Biology Mice Exon Transcription (biology) Complementary DNA medicine Animals Protein Isoforms Amino Acid Sequence Cloning Molecular Molecular Biology Gene Regulation of gene expression Intron Gene Expression Regulation Developmental RNA Skeletal muscle Cell Biology General Medicine Molecular biology Growth Differentiation Factors medicine.anatomical_structure Organ Specificity Bone Morphogenetic Proteins embryonic structures Female RNA Long Noncoding |
| Zdroj: | Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry. 390:9-18 |
| ISSN: | 1573-4919 0300-8177 |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s11010-013-1949-3 |
| Popis: | The growth and differentiation factor-11 (GDF-11) gene is thought to code for a single protein that plays a crucial role in regulating the development of multiple tissues. In this study, we aimed to investigate if the GDF-11 gene has another transcript and, if so, to characterise this transcript and determine its tissue-specific and developmental expression. We have identified a novel transcript of GDF-11 in mouse muscle, which contains the 3' region of intron 1, exon 2, exon 3 and 3'UTR, and has two transcription initiation sites and a single termination site. We named the novel transcript GDF-11ΔEx1 because it does not contain exon 1 of canonical GDF-11. The GDF-11ΔEx1 transcript was expressed in the skeletal muscles, heart, brain and kidney, but was undetectable in the liver and gut. The concentration of the GDF-11ΔEx1 transcript was increased in gastrocnemius muscles from three to 6 weeks of age, a period of accelerated muscle growth, steadily declined thereafter and was higher in male than female mice (P < 0.001 for age and sex). GDF-11ΔEx1 cDNA was predicted to code for a putative N-terminal-truncated propeptide and the canonical ligand for GDF-11. However, propeptide-specific antibodies could not identify proteins of the expected size in skeletal muscle. Interestingly, in silico analysis of the GDF-11ΔEx1 RNA predicted a secondary structure with the potential to coordinate multiple protein interactions as a molecular scaffold. Therefore, we postulate that GDF-11ΔEx1 may act as a long non-coding RNA to regulate the transcription of canonical GDF-11 and/or other genes in skeletal muscle and other tissues. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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