Toxicity of chlorinated and ozonated wastewater effluents probed by genetically modified bioluminescent bacteria and cyanobacteria Spirulina sp
| Autor: | Mikhail Borisover, Evgeni Eltzov, Giji Sadhasivam, Orr H. Shapiro, M. Bhuvaneshwari, Boris Veltman |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Environmental Engineering
0208 environmental biotechnology chemistry.chemical_element Genetically modified bacteria 02 engineering and technology 010501 environmental sciences Wastewater medicine.disease_cause 01 natural sciences Water Purification chemistry.chemical_compound Ozone polycyclic compounds medicine Chlorine Spirulina Humans Waste Management and Disposal Effluent 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Water Science and Technology Civil and Structural Engineering Spirulina (genus) biology Chemistry Ecological Modeling Bioluminescent bacteria biology.organism_classification Pollution 020801 environmental engineering Disinfection Sodium hypochlorite Environmental chemistry Genotoxicity Water Pollutants Chemical Disinfectants |
| Zdroj: | Water research. 164 |
| ISSN: | 1879-2448 |
| Popis: | Chlorination and ozonation of various waters may be associated with the formation of toxic disinfection byproducts (DBPs) and cause health risks to humans. Monitoring the toxicity of chlorinated and ozonated water and identification of different toxicity mechanisms are therefore required. This study is one of its kind to examine the toxic effects of chlorinated and ozonated wastewater effluents on three genetically modified bioluminescent bacteria, in comparison to the naturally isolated cyanobacteria, Spirulina strains as test systems. Three different secondary wastewater effluents were collected from treatment plants, chlorinated using sodium hypochlorite (at 1 and 10 mg L−1 of chlorine) or treated using 3–4 mg L−1 of ozone at different contact times. As compared to cyanobacterial Spirulina sp., the genetically modified bacteria enhancing bioluminescence at the presence of stress agents demonstrated greater sensitivity to the toxicity induction and have also provided mechanism-specific responses associated with genotoxicity, cytotoxicity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in wastewater effluents. Effects of effluent chlorination time and chlorine concentration revealed by means of bioluminescent bacteria suggest the formation of genotoxic and cytotoxic DBPs followed with their possible disappearance at longer times. Ozonation could degrade genotoxic compounds in some effluents, but the cytotoxic potential of wastewater effluents may certainly increase with ozonation time. No induction of ROS-related toxicity was detected in either chlorinated or ozonated wastewater effluents. UV absorbance- and fluorescence emission-based spectroscopic characteristics may be variously correlated with changes in genotoxicity in ozonated effluents, however, no associations were obtained in chlorinated wastewater effluents. The bacterial response to the developed mechanism-specific toxicity differs among wastewater effluents, reflecting variability in effluent compositions. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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