Match and mismatch: Integrating consumptive effects of predators, prey traits, and habitat selection in colonizing aquatic insects
| Autor: | William J. Resetarits, Matthew R. Pintar |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
Dytiscidae habitat selection 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences Predation 03 medical and health sciences lcsh:QH540-549.5 Aquatic insect Predator Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics 030304 developmental biology Nature and Landscape Conservation Invertebrate Original Research prey vulnerability 0303 health sciences Ecology biology trait‐mediated interaction Community structure ecological trap biology.organism_classification Habitat community assembly lcsh:Ecology predation Ecological trap |
| Zdroj: | Ecology and Evolution Ecology and Evolution, Vol 11, Iss 4, Pp 1902-1917 (2021) |
| ISSN: | 2045-7758 |
| Popis: | Predators are a particularly critical component of habitat quality, as they affect survival, morphology, behavior, population size, and community structure through both consumptive and non‐consumptive effects. Non‐consumptive effects can often exceed consumptive effects, but their relative importance is undetermined in many systems. Our objective was to determine the consumptive and non‐consumptive effects of a predaceous aquatic insect, Notonecta irrorata, on colonizing aquatic beetles. We tested how N. irrorata affected survival and habitat selection of colonizing aquatic beetles, how beetle traits contributed to their vulnerability to predation by N. irrorata, and how combined consumptive and non‐consumptive effects affected populations and community structure. Predation vulnerabilities ranged from 0% to 95% mortality, with size, swimming, and exoskeleton traits generating species‐specific vulnerabilities. Habitat selection ranged from predator avoidance to preferentially colonizing predator patches. Attraction of Dytiscidae to N. irrorata may be a natural ecological trap given similar cues produced by these taxa. Hence, species‐specific habitat selection by prey can be either predator‐avoidance responses that reduce consumptive effects, or responses that magnify predator effects. Notonecta irrorata had both strong consumptive and non‐consumptive effects on populations and communities, while combined effects predicted even more distinct communities and populations across patches with or without predators. Our results illustrate that an aquatic invertebrate predator can have functionally unique consumptive effects on prey, attracting and repelling prey, while prey have functionally unique responses to predators. Determining species‐specific consumptive and non‐consumptive effects is important to understand patterns of species diversity across landscapes. Predator–prey interactions are species‐specific; diverse prey assemblages have functionally unique responses to predator species, while predators have functionally unique effects on prey. A predatory aquatic insect disproportionately affects prey that lack effective antipredator traits that prevent predation. At the same time, some prey species avoid habitats containing predators, while other prey species preferentially colonize patches containing predators. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|
Plný text