Failure of Working Memory Training to Enhance Cognition or Intelligence

Autor: John D. E. Gabrieli, Rebecca Winter, Kiersten Pollard, Michael Waskom, Gretchen O. Reynolds, Patricia Chang, George A. Alvarez, Keri-Lee A. Garel, Todd W. Thompson, Nupur Lala, Carlos Cardenas-Iniguez
Přispěvatelé: Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, McGovern Institute for Brain Research at MIT, Gabrieli, John D. E., Thompson, Todd Wesley, Waskom, Michael L., Garel, Keri-Lee Alyson, Cardenas-Iniguez, Carlos, Reynolds, Gretchen O., Winter, Rebecca, Chang, Patricia, Pollard, Kiersten, Lala, Nupur
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2012
Předmět:
Male
Intelligence
lcsh:Medicine
Social and Behavioral Sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Cognition
Learning and Memory
Psychology
lcsh:Science
Multidisciplinary
Intelligence quotient
Cognitive Neurology
05 social sciences
Experimental Psychology
Mental Health
Memory
Short-Term
Neurology
Medicine
Female
Cognitive psychology
Research Article
Working memory training
Adult
Experimental psychology
Cognitive Neuroscience
education
Cognitive neuroscience
050105 experimental psychology
Education
03 medical and health sciences
Young Adult
Memory
Learning
Humans
0501 psychology and cognitive sciences
Working Memory
Set (psychology)
Biology
Behavior
Human intelligence
Working memory
lcsh:R
Cognitive Psychology
Reading
Human Intelligence
lcsh:Q
Attention (Behavior)
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Neuroscience
Zdroj: PLoS
PLoS ONE
PLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 5, p e63614 (2013)
Popis: Fluid intelligence is important for successful functioning in the modern world, but much evidence suggests that fluid intelligence is largely immutable after childhood. Recently, however, researchers have reported gains in fluid intelligence after multiple sessions of adaptive working memory training in adults. The current study attempted to replicate and expand those results by administering a broad assessment of cognitive abilities and personality traits to young adults who underwent 20 sessions of an adaptive dual n-back working memory training program and comparing their post-training performance on those tests to a matched set of young adults who underwent 20 sessions of an adaptive attentional tracking program. Pre- and post-training measurements of fluid intelligence, standardized intelligence tests, speed of processing, reading skills, and other tests of working memory were assessed. Both training groups exhibited substantial and specific improvements on the trained tasks that persisted for at least 6 months post-training, but no transfer of improvement was observed to any of the non-trained measurements when compared to a third untrained group serving as a passive control. These findings fail to support the idea that adaptive working memory training in healthy young adults enhances working memory capacity in non-trained tasks, fluid intelligence, or other measures of cognitive abilities.
National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Blueprint for Neuroscience Research (T90DA022759/R90DA023427)
United States. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (government contract no. NBCHC070105)
United States. Dept. of Defense (National Defense Science and Engineering Fellowship)
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (Sheldon Razin (1959) Fellowship)
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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