Epidemiology of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in Southern California: Implications for the Design and Conduct of a Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Efficacy Trial
| Autor: | Leslie Hemenway, Kenneth M. Zangwill, Joel I. Ward, C. M. Vadheim, David P. Greenberg, Ann M. Vannier |
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| Rok vydání: | 1996 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Serotype medicine.medical_specialty Adolescent Penicillin Resistance Population medicine.disease_cause California Pneumococcal Infections Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine Internal medicine Epidemiology Streptococcus pneumoniae Humans Immunology and Allergy Medicine Prospective Studies Child education Aged education.field_of_study Vaccines Conjugate business.industry Incidence Incidence (epidemiology) Infant Middle Aged medicine.disease Infectious Diseases Research Design Child Preschool Bacteremia Bacterial Vaccines Immunology business Meningitis medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Infectious Diseases. 174:752-759 |
| ISSN: | 1537-6613 0022-1899 |
| Popis: | Population-based prospective surveillance of invasive pneumococcal disease was done in Southern California from 31 March 1992 to 1 April 1995; 814 cases were identified, for an incidence of 12.5/100,000 persons/year. The incidence among personsor = 2,or = 5, andor = 65 years of age was 145, 72, and 32/100,000, respectively. More than 95% of cases included bacteremia; incidence of meningitis was 0.8/100,000. Among childrenor = 2 years of age, 79% of isolates were obtained in the outpatient setting, compared with 16% of isolates among personsor = 15 years of age. Eighty percent of isolates were serotypes included in heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines currently being evaluated. Childrenor = 2 years of age were at highest risk of having an isolate resistant to penicillin. Among resistant isolates, high-level resistance increased from 4% to 21% over a 3-year period. Prospective epidemiologic data are needed to perform a protective efficacy trail of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in infants, among whom most invasive pneumococcal disease is vaccine-preventable. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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