Genetic characterization of the apple germplasm collection in Central Italy: the value of local varieties
| Autor: | Luciano Concezzi, Fabio Veronesi, Nicoletta Ferradini, Gianpiero Marconi, Luigi Russi, Emidio Albertini |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine Germplasm Plant Science lcsh:Plant culture Biology 01 natural sciences Accession 03 medical and health sciences Malus × domestica lcsh:SB1-1110 Cultivar Original Research SSR markers Genetic diversity Resistance (ecology) Intensive farming business.industry local varieties genetic resources 030104 developmental biology germplasm collection Agronomy Agriculture Gene pool business 010606 plant biology & botany |
| Zdroj: | Frontiers in Plant Science Frontiers in Plant Science, Vol 9 (2018) |
| Popis: | In the last 50 years, intensive farming systems have been boosted by modern agricultural techniques and newly bred cultivars. The massive use of few and related cultivars has dramatically reduced the apple genetic diversity of local varieties, confined to marginal areas. In Central Italy a limited spread of intensive fruit orchards has made it possible to preserve much of the local genetic diversity, but at the same time the coexistence of both modern and ancient varieties has generated some confusion. The characterization and clarification of possible synonyms, homonyms, and/or labeling errors in old local genetic resources is an issue in the conservation and management of living collections. 175 accessions provided by 10 apple collections, mainly local varieties, some of unknown origin, and well-known modern and ancient varieties, were studied by using 19 SSRs, analyzed by STRUCTURE, Ward’s clustering and parentage analysis. We were able to identify 25 duplicates, 9 synonyms, and 9 homonyms. As many as 37 unknown accession were assigned to well known local or commercial varieties. Polyploids made up 20%. Some markers were found to be significantly correlated with morphological traits and the loci associated with the fruit over color were related to QTLs for resistance to biotic stresses, aroma compounds, stiffness, and acidity. In conclusion the gene pool of Central Italy seems to be rather consistent and highly differentiated compared with other European studies (FST = 0.147). The importance of safeguarding this diversity and the impact on the management of the germplasm living collection is discussed. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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